Vergaangenheet (Perfekt)
Compound past tense with hunn/sinn + past participle
Can describe past events using Perfekt with hunn/sinn
Δείτε αυτά τα παραδείγματα. Μπορείτε να εντοπίσετε το μοτίβο;
Ech hunn haut vill geschafft.
I worked a lot today.
Si ass gëschter komm.
She came yesterday.
Mir hunn ze Mëtteg giess.
We ate lunch.
Προσέξτε τα επισημασμένα μέρη. Τι έχουν κοινό;
D'Vergaangenheet (Perfekt) gëtt mat hunn oder sinn + Partizip geformt:
| Hëllefsverb | Beispill | Partizip |
|---|---|---|
| hunn | Ech hunn giess. | giess (iessen) |
| hunn | Du hues geschafft. | geschafft (schaffen) |
| sinn | Hien ass gaangen. | gaangen (goen) |
| sinn | Si sinn komm. | komm (kommen) |
Reegel: Sinn gëtt mat Beweegungsverben (goen, kommen, fueren) an Zoustandsännerung (bleiwen, ginn) benotzt. All aner Verben: hunn.
Partizip: reegelméisseg: ge- + Stamm + -t (geschafft). Onreegelméisseg: gi- + Stamm oder ganz anescht (giess, gaangen, komm).
Συχνά μοτίβα σφαλμάτων
Wrong auxiliary (hunn vs sinn)
Sinn for movement/change-of-state verbs (goen, kommen, fueren, bleiwen). Hunn for all others.
Wrong past participle form
Regular: ge- + stem + -t. Irregular verbs must be memorized: iessen→giess, goen→gaangen
Ech hunn haut vill geschafft.
I worked a lot today.
Hunn + geschafft (regular participle: ge- + schaff + -t).
Si ass gëschter komm.
She came yesterday.
Sinn for movement verbs. Komm = come (irregular participle, no ge-).
Mir hunn ze Mëtteg giess.
We ate lunch.
Giess is the irregular participle of iessen (to eat). Hunn as auxiliary.
Εξάσκηση στο μάθημα
Εφαρμόστε αυτή τη γραμματική σε ασκήσεις του μαθήματος A1