як, чым, за, нібы - the four ways of making a comparison, and the fixed similes that a native speaker reaches for without thinking.
I can compare two things four different ways and use the common fixed similes.
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Гэты замак большы за той.
This castle is bigger than that one.
Было лепш, чым я думаў.
It was better than I expected.
Ён такі ж высокі, як яго бацька.
He is as tall as his father.
Дзед здаровы як бык.
Grandfather is as strong as an ox.
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
| Word | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| як | likeness, with equals | белы як снег |
| чым | than, after a comparative | большы, чым той |
| за + accusative | than, after a comparative | большы за той |
| нібы / быццам | as if, a hypothetical likeness | нібы нічога не здарылася |
Такі ж... як and гэтакі самы... як for two things alike: Ён такі ж высокі, як бацька. For quantity, столькі ж... колькі: У мяне столькі ж часу, колькі ў цябе.
За with the accusative and чым with the nominative are interchangeable after a comparative. За is tighter and more common in speech; чым is necessary when the second half is a whole clause: лепш, чым я думаў.
Every language has these and they cannot be translated word for word. A few worth having:
Здаровы як бык coincides with Russian and is not a calque: the simile is recorded across the whole Belarusian-speaking territory, and the variants with the oak and the aurochs are its own.
For two things changing together: Чым далей, тым цікавей. - The further on, the more interesting.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses B1 an
ÜbungsaufgabenTypical errors: using a bare genitive for than, and translating a fixed simile word for word from another language.
Гэты замак большы за той.
This castle is bigger than that one.
<em>За</em> with the accusative - the tighter and more common form.
Было лепш, чым я думаў.
It was better than I expected.
<em>Чым</em> is required because the second half is a whole clause.
Ён такі ж высокі, як яго бацька.
He is as tall as his father.
Equal comparison with <em>такі ж... як</em>.
Дзед здаровы як бык.
Grandfather is as strong as an ox.
A fixed simile shared with Russian; the variants <em>як дуб</em> and <em>як тур</em> are Belarusian's own.
Чым далей у лес, тым больш грыбоў.
The further into the forest, the more mushrooms.
The <em>чым... тым</em> pattern for two things changing together.
Der Check für dieses Thema ist noch in Arbeit
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses B1 an