Hangul-Vokale
Hangul-Vokale: 10 Basis- + 11 zusammengesetzte Vokale
Kann alle 21 Hangul-Vokale erkennen und aussprechen und Basis- von zusammengesetzten Vokalen unterscheiden
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
아버지가 오셨어요.
Vater ist gekommen.
우유를 마셔요.
Ich trinke Milch.
그림이 예뻐요.
Das Bild ist hübsch.
개가 귀여워요.
Der Hund ist süß.
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
한글 모음 — Hangul Vowels
Korean has 10 basic vowels and 11 compound vowels (diphthongs). Vowels are built from three elements: a vertical stroke, a horizontal stroke, and a short tick.
| Vowel | Sound | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ㅏ | a (as in 'father') | 아버지 (father) |
| ㅑ | ya | 야구 (baseball) |
| ㅓ | eo (between 'uh' and 'oh') | 어머니 (mother) |
| ㅕ | yeo | 여자 (woman) |
| ㅗ | o (as in 'go') | 오리 (duck) |
| ㅛ | yo | 요리 (cooking) |
| ㅜ | u (as in 'blue') | 우유 (milk) |
| ㅠ | yu | 유리 (glass) |
| ㅡ | eu (no English equivalent — unrounded, back) | 그림 (picture) |
| ㅣ | i (as in 'see') | 이름 (name) |
Key compound vowels:
| Vowel | Sound | Example |
|---|---|---|
| ㅐ | ae (like 'eh') | 개 (dog) |
| ㅔ | e (like 'bed') | 세계 (world) |
| ㅘ | wa | 과일 (fruit) |
| ㅙ | wae | 왜 (why) |
| ㅚ | oe (like 'weh') | 회사 (company) |
| ㅝ | wo | 원 (won/circle) |
| ㅞ | we | 웨이터 (waiter) |
| ㅟ | wi | 위 (above) |
| ㅢ | ui | 의사 (doctor) |
Important: In modern Korean, ㅐ and ㅔ sound nearly identical (both like 'e' in 'bed'). Context distinguishes them.
Häufige Fehlermuster
Confused similar-sounding vowels (ㅗ/ㅓ, ㅐ/ㅔ)
Practice: ㅗ (lips rounded, high) vs ㅓ (lips open, low); ㅐ/ㅔ are interchangeable in modern Korean
Mispronounced ㅡ (eu) as a familiar vowel
ㅡ: lips spread flat (like smiling), tongue pulled back — not 'oo' and not 'uh'
아버지가 오셨어요.
Vater ist gekommen.
ㅏ (a) ist ein offener 'a'-Laut wie in 'Vater': 아버지 (abeoji) = Vater.
우유를 마셔요.
Ich trinke Milch.
ㅜ (u) klingt wie 'u' in 'Blume': 우유 (uyu) = Milch. Beide Silben verwenden ㅜ.
그림이 예뻐요.
Das Bild ist hübsch.
ㅡ (eu) hat kein deutsches Äquivalent — Lippen ungerundet, Zunge hinten: 그림 (geurim) = Bild.
개가 귀여워요.
Der Hund ist süß.
ㅐ (ae) und ㅔ (e) klingen im modernen Koreanisch beide wie 'e' in 'Bett': 개 (gae) = Hund.
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an