Comparison: daha... (more/comparative) and en... (most/superlative)
Can compare things using daha and en
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
İstanbul Ankara'dan daha büyük.
Istanbul ist größer als Ankara.
En güzel şehir hangisi?
Welche ist die schönste Stadt?
Bugün dünden daha sıcak.
Heute ist es heißer als gestern.
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
Turkish adjectives do not change to compare. Put daha ("more") before the adjective for the comparative and en ("most") for the superlative:
| Degree | Turkish | English |
|---|---|---|
| basic | Bu ev büyük. | This house is big. |
| comparative | Bu ev daha büyük. | This house is bigger. |
| superlative | Bu ev en büyük. | This house is the biggest. |
One rule for every adjective: daha güzel (more beautiful), daha iyi (better), en iyi (best). There is no irregular "good - better - best" to learn.
The thing you compare against takes the ablative -dan / -den (see that topic). With it, daha becomes optional:
En + adjective + noun: en güzel şehir - the most beautiful city. "Of / in" is often the genitive + possessive: Türkiye'nin en büyük şehri - Turkey's biggest city. Bu, şehrin en eski camisi. - This is the oldest mosque in the city.
"Less" is daha az: daha az şekerli - less sweet. "As ... as" uses kadar: İzmir, İstanbul kadar büyük değil. - İzmir isn't as big as Istanbul.
The trap for English speakers is the order: the "than" phrase comes before the adjective, not after it. "Bigger than Ankara" is Ankara'dan büyük.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an
Übungsaufgabenİstanbul Ankara'dan daha büyük.
Istanbul ist größer als Ankara.
Ankara'-dan daha büyük: von-Ankara mehr groß. Ablativ für 'als'.
En güzel şehir hangisi?
Welche ist die schönste Stadt?
en güzel: am schönsten. Superlativ ist einfach en + Adjektiv.
Bugün dünden daha sıcak.
Heute ist es heißer als gestern.
dün-den daha sıcak: gestern-von mehr heiß.
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Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an