Fixed polite request forms with -t politeness and tu sheidzleba ('if possible/please').
I can make polite requests and apologize in everyday situations.
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
แแแแแชแแ แแ แแ แจแแแแก แแฃแ แ, แแฃ แจแแแซแแแแ.
Give me one shoti bread, please.
แฃแแแชแ แแแแ, แแแแฎแแ แแ, แกแแ แแ แแก แ แฃแกแแแแแแแก แแแแแแ แ?
Excuse me, tell me, where is Rustaveli Avenue?
แแแแแขแแ, แแแแแ แแแแแแ.
Sorry, I came late.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
At A1, learn these as fixed phrases: แแแแแชแแ, แแฃ แจแแแซแแแแ (give me, please), แแแแฎแแ แแ (tell me), แแแแแขแแแ (excuse me), แแแแชแแแแ (wait, please).
The polite/plural forms end in -แ; with friends the -แ drops: แแแแแชแ, แแแแฎแแ แ. The full imperative system is built on the aorist and comes later (B1).
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesUsing the bare verb stem as a command (transfer from EN/RU patterns) instead of the fixed forms, and forgetting -แ with strangers: *แแแแแชแ said to a shop assistant sounds abrupt; say แแแแแชแแ.
Missing -t politeness marker in requests to strangers
Pair each request verb with its -แ form and a situation (shop, street, friend).
แแแแแชแแ แแ แแ แจแแแแก แแฃแ แ, แแฃ แจแแแซแแแแ.
Give me one shoti bread, please.
Polite -แ form + แแฃ แจแแแซแแแแ in a bakery.
แฃแแแชแ แแแแ, แแแแฎแแ แแ, แกแแ แแ แแก แ แฃแกแแแแแแแก แแแแแแ แ?
Excuse me, tell me, where is Rustaveli Avenue?
แฃแแแชแ แแแแ opens a question to a stranger; แแแแฎแแ แแ is the polite request.
แแแแแขแแ, แแแแแ แแแแแแ.
Sorry, I came late.
Informal แแแแแขแแ (no -แ) between friends.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises