AdjectivesB1

Adjektivdeklination Typ 2+3

Adjective endings after indefinite articles (Type 2) and without articles (Type 3)

Learning Goal

Can use adjective endings after indefinite and zero articles

Exam Skills:ReadingWriting

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

Ein junger Mann wartet draußen.

A young man is waiting outside.

Sie trinkt kalten Kaffee.

She drinks cold coffee.

Ich habe eine interessante Idee.

I have an interesting idea.

Mit frischer Milch schmeckt es besser.

It tastes better with fresh milk.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

Type 2 — After ein, kein, mein:

Mask.Fem.Neutr.Plural
Nom.ein altereine alteein alteskeine alten
Akk.einen alteneine alteein alteskeine alten
Dat.einem alteneiner alteneinem altenkeinen alten

Type 3 — No article:

Mask.Fem.Neutr.Plural
Nom.kalterfrischekaltesneue
Akk.kaltenfrischekaltesneue
Dat.kaltemfrischerkaltemneuen

Key insight: The adjective must show the gender/case signal. If the article shows it (Type 1), adjective is weak (-e/-en). If not (Type 2/3), adjective carries the signal.

Adjektivdeklination Typ 2+3: Adjective endings after indefinite articles (Type 2) and without articles (Type 3)
  • Type 1 endings after ein:ein alte Mann → ✓ ein alter Mann.
  • Signal principle: der alte Mann (-e) vs. ein alter Mann (-er).
  • Type 3 dative:mit kalter Kaffee → ✓ mit kaltem Kaffee.

Common Error Patterns

Wrong adjective declension ending

Check: which article type? Which case? Which gender? Then apply the correct ending table

Incorrect comparative or superlative form

Regular: -er (comparative), am -sten (superlative). Watch for umlauts: alt→älter, groß→größer

Added ending to predicate adjective

Predicate adjectives (after sein/werden) have NO ending: Das Haus ist groß (not großes)

Ein junger Mann wartet draußen.

A young man is waiting outside.

Type 2: ein has no ending → adjective -er.

Sie trinkt kalten Kaffee.

She drinks cold coffee.

Type 3: no article → -en (masc. acc.).

Ich habe eine interessante Idee.

I have an interesting idea.

Type 2: eine shows feminine → -e.

Mit frischer Milch schmeckt es besser.

It tastes better with fresh milk.

Type 3 dat. fem.: no article → -er.

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in B1 course exercises

B1 Course
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