ひらがな
The hiragana syllabary — 46 basic characters plus voiced, semi-voiced, and combination marks
Can read and write all 46 basic hiragana characters and their modifications
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あいうえお
a-i-u-e-o (the five vowels)
さくら
sakura (cherry blossom)
がっこう
gakkou (school)
Var uppmärksam på de markerade delarna. Vad har de gemensamt?
ひらがな — Hiragana
Hiragana is the first writing system to learn. It represents every sound in Japanese.
| a | i | u | e | o | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ∅ | あ | い | う | え | お |
| k | か | き | く | け | こ |
| s | さ | し | す | せ | そ |
| t | た | ち | つ | て | と |
| n | な | に | ぬ | ね | の |
| h | は | ひ | ふ | へ | ほ |
| m | ま | み | む | め | も |
| y | や | ゆ | よ | ||
| r | ら | り | る | れ | ろ |
| w | わ | を | |||
| n | ん | ||||
Dakuten (゛) voices consonants: か→が, さ→ざ, た→だ, は→ば. Handakuten (゜) makes h→p: は→ぱ. Yōon combinations: きゃ, しゅ, ちょ etc.
Confusing similar-looking characters: め/ぬ, は/ほ, わ/れ/ね; Forgetting that し=shi (not si), ち=chi (not ti), つ=tsu (not tu), ふ=fu (not hu)
あいうえお
a-i-u-e-o (the five vowels)
The vowel row — the foundation of the hiragana chart.
さくら
sakura (cherry blossom)
さ(sa) + く(ku) + ら(ra) — a familiar word using three different consonant rows.
がっこう
gakkou (school)
が(ga, voiced か) + っ(double consonant) + こ(ko) + う(long vowel) — shows dakuten, sokuon, and long vowel.
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