语音A1
Чотири тони
The four tones of Mandarin Chinese
Мета навчання
Can recognize and produce the four tones of Mandarin
Навички для іспиту:HSK 1 ListeningHSK 1 Speaking
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妈妈骑马。
Mom rides a horse.
我要汤。
I want soup.
问他！
Ask him!
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四声调 — The Four Tones
Mandarin has 4 tones plus a neutral tone. The same syllable changes meaning with each tone.
| Tone | Mark | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st (阴平) | ā | high flat ¯ | mā 妈 mother |
| 2nd (阳平) | á | rising ´ | má 麻 hemp |
| 3rd (上声) | ǎ | dip ˇ | mǎ 马 horse |
| 4th (去声) | à | falling ` | mà 骂 scold |
Neutral tone (轻声): short, unstressed — ma 吗 (question particle).
Learners often flatten all tones into monotone speech. The 2nd and 3rd tones are hardest to distinguish — 2nd rises sharply while 3rd dips then rises.
English speakers: Tend to use English intonation patterns (rising for questions) which conflicts with lexical tones.
Russian speakers: May confuse tones with Russian stress patterns; Russian stress changes vowel quality, not pitch.
Czech speakers: May confuse tone with Czech vowel length (á vs a); length and pitch are independent in Chinese.
妈妈骑马。
Mom rides a horse.
mā (1st: mother) vs mǎ (3rd: horse) — tone changes meaning completely.
我要汤。
I want soup.
tāng 汤 (1st: soup) vs táng 糖 (2nd: sugar) — wrong tone, wrong dish!
问他！
Ask him!
wèn 问 (4th: ask) vs wén 文 (2nd: text/writing) — falling vs rising.
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