Eifeler Regel (n-Reegel)
The n-rule: when a final -n is kept (before vowels and n, d, t, z, h) and when it drops
I can recognise and apply the n-rule: keep a final -n before vowels and n, d, t, z, h, drop it before other consonants.
Hãy xem các ví dụ sau. Bạn có nhận ra quy tắc ngữ pháp không?
Ich bin zu Hause, aber ich bin müde.
I am at home, but I am tired.
Der Apfel und der Kuchen sind auf dem Tisch.
The apple and the cake are on the table.
Wenn wir Zeit haben, gehe ich in die Stadt.
If we have time, I go into town.
Chú ý các phần được đánh dấu. Chúng có điểm gì chung?
D'Eifeler Regel (n-Reegel) ass déi bekanntst Aussproochregel am Lëtzebuergeschen: e finaalt -n (oder -nn) fält ewech, wann dat nächst Wuert mat engem Konsonant ufänkt — ausser virun n, d, t, z, h a virun de Vokaler.
Wéini bleift den -n?
| Nächst Wuert fänkt un mat | -n | Beispill |
|---|---|---|
| Vokal (a, e, i, o, u) | bleift ✓ | den Apel, Ech sinn et |
| n, d, t, z, h | bleift ✓ | den Dag, den Hond, wann nëmmen |
| anere Konsonant | fält ewech ✗ | de Bäcker, Ech si frou, wa mer |
Sätz mat der Eifeler Regel
- Ech sinn doheem. — d virum d bleift den -n stoen
- Ech si midd. — virum m fält den -n ewech
- Mir ginn an d'Schoul. — virum Vokal bleift den -n
- Mir gi mat him. — virum m fält den -n ewech
- Hien huet den Telefon. — virum t bleift den -n
D'Reegel gëllt fir Verben (sinn/si, ginn/gi), Artikelen (den/de, en/e), Pronomen (wann/wa) — iwwerall, wou e Wuert op -n endet. Um Enn vum Saz a virun enger Paus bleift den -n ëmmer stoen.
Merkhëllef: n-d-t-z-h — nëmme virun dëse Konsonanten (an de Vokaler) iwwerlieft den -n.
Learners write or say the -n everywhere because the dictionary form keeps it, or drop it everywhere once they learn the rule. The rule is about the NEXT word's first sound, so the same word alternates: den Apel / de Bäcker, Ech sinn et / Ech si frou.
Các lỗi thường gặp
Final -n kept where it must drop (e.g. *sinn frou, *den Bäcker)
Drop the -n before consonants other than n, d, t, z, h: si frou, de Bäcker.
Final -n dropped where it must stay (e.g. *de Apel, *si et)
Keep the -n before vowels and n, d, t, z, h: den Apel, sinn et.
Ich bin zu Hause, aber ich bin müde.
I am at home, but I am tired.
sinn before d (doheem) keeps -n; si before m (midd) drops it - same verb, one sentence.
Der Apfel und der Kuchen sind auf dem Tisch.
The apple and the cake are on the table.
den before a vowel (Apel), de before K (Kuch) - the article alternates by the rule.
Wenn wir Zeit haben, gehe ich in die Stadt.
If we have time, I go into town.
wann becomes wa before m (mer); ginn keeps -n before a vowel (ech... an).
Luyện tập trong khóa học
Áp dụng ngữ pháp này vào các bài tập khóa học A1