语音A1
Vier Töne
Die vier Töne des Mandarin-Chinesisch
Lernziel
Can recognize and produce the four tones of Mandarin
Prüfungskompetenzen:HSK 1 ListeningHSK 1 Speaking
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
妈妈骑马。
Mama reitet ein Pferd.
我要汤。
Ich möchte Suppe.
问他！
Frag ihn!
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
四声调 — The Four Tones
Mandarin has 4 tones plus a neutral tone. The same syllable changes meaning with each tone.
| Tone | Mark | Pattern | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st (阴平) | ā | high flat ¯ | mā 妈 mother |
| 2nd (阳平) | á | rising ´ | má 麻 hemp |
| 3rd (上声) | ǎ | dip ˇ | mǎ 马 horse |
| 4th (去声) | à | falling ` | mà 骂 scold |
Neutral tone (轻声): short, unstressed — ma 吗 (question particle).
Learners often flatten all tones into monotone speech. The 2nd and 3rd tones are hardest to distinguish — 2nd rises sharply while 3rd dips then rises.
English speakers: Tend to use English intonation patterns (rising for questions) which conflicts with lexical tones.
Russian speakers: May confuse tones with Russian stress patterns; Russian stress changes vowel quality, not pitch.
Czech speakers: May confuse tone with Czech vowel length (á vs a); length and pitch are independent in Chinese.
妈妈骑马。
Mama reitet ein Pferd.
mā (1. Ton: Mutter) vs mǎ (3. Ton: Pferd)
我要汤。
Ich möchte Suppe.
tāng (1. Ton: Suppe) vs táng (2. Ton: Zucker)
问他！
Frag ihn!
wèn (4. Ton: fragen) vs wén (2. Ton: Text)
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an