Existence expressions: var (there is/I have) and yok (there isn't/I don't have)
Can express existence and possession using var/yok
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Arabam var ama param yok.
Ich habe ein Auto, aber kein Geld.
Burada tuvalet var mı?
Gibt es hier eine Toilette?
Zamanın var mı? — Hayır, zamanım yok.
Hast du Zeit? — Nein, ich habe keine Zeit.
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
Var means "there is / there are", and yok means "there isn't / there aren't". They do not change for person or number, and they stand at the end of the sentence.
| Turkish | English |
|---|---|
| Masada çay var. | There's tea on the table. |
| Bu otelde havuz yok. | There's no pool in this hotel. |
| Yakında eczane var mı? | Is there a pharmacy nearby? |
| Sorun yok. | No problem. |
Everyday Turkish has no verb "to have". Instead, the thing takes a possessive suffix, followed by var or yok:
| Turkish | Literally | English |
|---|---|---|
| Arabam var. | My car exists. | I have a car. |
| Param yok. | My money doesn't exist. | I have no money. |
| İki kardeşim var. | My two siblings exist. | I have two brothers and sisters. |
| Bugün dersin var mı? | Does your lesson exist today? | Do you have class today? |
| Ali'nin köpeği var. | Ali's dog exists. | Ali has a dog. |
Questions add mı: Vaktin var mı? - Do you have time? The past adds -dı: vardı (there was / I had), yoktu (there wasn't / I didn't have): Çocukken bir kedim vardı. - I had a cat when I was a child.
The verb sahip olmak ("to possess") exists, but it is formal; Bir arabaya sahibim sounds like a legal document. Say Arabam var. And remember that the negative of var is yok, not *var değil. At a meyhane: Rakı var mı? - Var, tabii! - Is there rakı? - Of course!
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an
ÜbungsaufgabenArabam var ama param yok.
Ich habe ein Auto, aber kein Geld.
araba-m var: mein-Auto existiert. para-m yok: mein-Geld existiert nicht.
Burada tuvalet var mı?
Gibt es hier eine Toilette?
var mı: Frageform der Existenz. mı ist die Fragepartikel.
Zamanın var mı? — Hayır, zamanım yok.
Hast du Zeit? — Nein, ich habe keine Zeit.
zaman-ın var mı (deine-Zeit existiert?); zaman-ım yok (meine-Zeit existiert nicht).
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Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an