المذكر والمؤنثA1

Masculine & Feminine

تاء مربوطة (ة), gender patterns and exceptions

Learning Goal

Can identify gender and apply agreement to adjectives

Exam Skills:قراءةكتابة

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

طالِب / طالِبَة

student (m) / student (f)

بِنْت جَميلَة

a beautiful girl

الشَّمْسُ جَميلَة

The sun is beautiful

وَلَد طَويل

a tall boy

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

المذكر والمؤنث — Gender

Arabic has two genders: masculine (مذكر) and feminine (مؤنث). The main feminine marker is تاء مربوطة (ة):

MasculineFeminineMeaning
طالِبطالِبَةstudent
مُدَرِّسمُدَرِّسَةteacher
كَبيركَبيرَةbig

Natural feminines (no ة needed): أُم (mother), بِنْت (girl), أُخْت (sister). Exceptions: some words ending in ة are masculine (خَليفَة = caliph), and some without ة are feminine (شَمْس = sun, أرْض = earth, حَرْب = war).

Adjectives MUST agree in gender with the noun they describe: وَلَد كَبير (big boy) vs. بِنْت كَبيرَة (big girl).

Learners forget gender agreement on adjectives. Non-human plurals take feminine singular agreement (a key rule introduced later). 🇬🇧 English: English has no grammatical gender — every noun needs memorizing. 🇩🇪 German: German has 3 genders — Arabic only 2 (no neuter), and ة is a reliable marker.

Common Error Patterns

Adjective does not agree in gender with its noun

Feminine noun → add ة to adjective. Masculine → no ة.

Treated an exception word as the wrong gender

Some words like شمس, أرض are feminine without ة — memorize these

طالِب / طالِبَة

student (m) / student (f)

Adding ة to طالب creates the feminine form طالبة.

بِنْت جَميلَة

a beautiful girl

بنت is naturally feminine — the adjective جميل adds ة to agree: جميلة.

الشَّمْسُ جَميلَة

The sun is beautiful

شمس has no ة but is feminine — adjective must still be feminine: جميلة.

وَلَد طَويل

a tall boy

ولد is masculine — adjective طويل stays masculine (no ة).

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

A1 Course
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