Postpositions (after noun) and prepositions: kanssa, ilman, lähellä, edessä, takana
I can use common postpositions correctly.
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
Menen ystävän kanssa kahville.
I go for coffee with a friend.
Koira on pöydän alla.
The dog is under the table.
Pärjään ilman apua.
I manage without help.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Most Finnish spatial words are postpositions (come AFTER the noun), unlike English prepositions. The noun usually takes genitive case. Exception: 'ilman' (without) is a preposition and takes partitive.
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesPutting postposition before the noun (English/German habit). Wrong case on noun with postposition.
Placing postposition before noun
Most Finnish spatial words are POSTpositions: talon takana (house's behind), NOT takana talon.
Menen ystävän kanssa kahville.
I go for coffee with a friend.
Ystävä → ystävän (genitive) + kanssa (postposition). 'With' = genitive + kanssa.
Koira on pöydän alla.
The dog is under the table.
Pöytä → pöydän (genitive) + alla (postposition = under). Noun BEFORE postposition.
Pärjään ilman apua.
I manage without help.
Ilman (preposition — exception!) + apu → apua (partitive). 'Without' = ilman + partitive.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises