Hebrew numbers 11-100: teen compounds, tens formed from root numbers, compound numbers with וְ
Can use Hebrew numbers 11-100 including teens and compound numbers with correct gender agreement
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
יֵשׁ לִי אַרְבָּעִים וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים.
I am forty-five years old.
הַמְּחִיר הוּא שְׁמוֹנִים שֶׁקֶל.
The price is eighty shekels.
אֲנִי גָּר בִּרְחוֹב מִסְפַּר שְׁלֹשִׁים וָאֶחָד.
I live on street number thirty-one.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Teens (11-19): unit + עָשָׂר/עֶשְׂרֵה (ten). Gender applies to first element.
Tens: עֶשְׂרִים (20), שְׁלֹשִׁים (30), אַרְבָּעִים (40), חֲמִישִׁים (50), שִׁישִּׁים (60), שִׁבְעִים (70), שְׁמוֹנִים (80), תִּשְׁעִים (90), מֵאָה (100).
Compound numbers: tens + וְ + units: עֶשְׂרִים וְשָׁלֹשׁ = 23. The unit agrees with noun gender.
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesUses wrong gender form in teen number (e.g., שְׁלֹשׁ עָשָׂר instead of שְׁלֹשָׁה עָשָׂר with masculine noun)
The gender rule of 1-10 applies to the units part of teens too. שְׁלֹשָׁה עָשָׂר (13, masc), שְׁלֹשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה (13, fem).
Omits the וְ conjunction in compound numbers (e.g., עֶשְׂרִים שָׁלֹשׁ instead of עֶשְׂרִים וְשָׁלֹשׁ)
Always connect tens and units with וְ (and): עֶשְׂרִים וְשָׁלֹשׁ = 23, אַרְבָּעִים וּשְׁמוֹנָה = 48.
יֵשׁ לִי אַרְבָּעִים וְחָמֵשׁ שָׁנִים.
I am forty-five years old.
אַרְבָּעִים = forty, וְ = and, חָמֵשׁ = five (fem, for שָׁנִים which is feminine). Compound: tens + וְ + units.
הַמְּחִיר הוּא שְׁמוֹנִים שֶׁקֶל.
The price is eighty shekels.
שְׁמוֹנִים = eighty (from שְׁמוֹנָה, eight). Tens are formed by adding ים- to the root number. Note הוּא as emphatic copula here.
אֲנִי גָּר בִּרְחוֹב מִסְפַּר שְׁלֹשִׁים וָאֶחָד.
I live on street number thirty-one.
שְׁלֹשִׁים וָאֶחָד = 31. Note: וָ (not וְ) before אֶחָד because of the alef. מִסְפַּר = number.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises