Nominative case (nefnifall) for subjects and accusative case (þolfall) for direct objects
Can distinguish nominative (subject) from accusative (direct object) case and apply correct noun endings
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
Ég sé hundinn.
I see the dog.
Konan les bók.
The woman reads a book.
Barnið borðar epli.
The child eats an apple.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Íslenska hefur fjögur föll. Tvö fyrstu eru nefnifall og þolfall:
| Fall | Notkun | Spurn |
|---|---|---|
| Nefnifall (nominative) | Frumlag (subject) | Hver? / Hvað? |
| Þolfall (accusative) | Beint andlag (direct object) | Hvern? / Hvað? |
Karlkyns dæmi:
| Óákveðið | Ákveðið | |
|---|---|---|
| Nefnifall | hestur | hesturinn |
| Þolfall | hest | hestinn |
Kvenkyns dæmi:
| Óákveðið | Ákveðið | |
|---|---|---|
| Nefnifall | kona | konan |
| Þolfall | konu | konuna |
Hvorugkyns dæmi:
| Óákveðið | Ákveðið | |
|---|---|---|
| Nefnifall | barn | barnið |
| Þolfall | barn | barnið |
Athugið: Hvorugkyn breytist EKKI á milli nefnifalls og þolfalls!
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesÉg sé hundinn.
I see the dog.
Hundur (nom.) → hund (acc.) + inn = hundinn. The verb 'sé' (see) takes accusative object.
Konan les bók.
The woman reads a book.
Konan = subject (nominative). Bók = object (accusative) — feminine nouns in -ók don't change in accusative.
Barnið borðar epli.
The child eats an apple.
Barnið = neuter nominative definite. Epli = neuter accusative — same as nominative (neuter never changes nom→acc).
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises