pensar en, soñar con, acordarse de: verbs whose preposition must be learned with them
Can use common verbs with their fixed prepositions correctly
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¿Te acuerdas de aquel verano en Cádiz? Todavía sueño con esas noches en la playa.
Do you remember that summer in Cádiz? I still dream about those nights on the beach.
He quedado con Javi en la puerta del cine y quedamos en pagar cada uno lo suyo.
I've arranged to meet Javi outside the cinema and we agreed to pay separately.
Todavía me estoy acostumbrando a cenar a las diez de la noche.
I'm still getting used to having dinner at ten at night.
Зверніть увагу на виділені частини. Що у них спільного?
Many Spanish verbs come with a preposition attached, and it usually cannot be worked out from the meaning or from English. "Think about" is pensar en, "dream about" is soñar con, "remember" is acordarse de. Learn the preposition as part of the verb, the way you learn the gender with a noun.
| Preposition | Verbs | Example |
|---|---|---|
| de | acordarse (remember), olvidarse (forget), depender (depend), hablar (talk about), tratarse (be about), alegrarse (be glad) | No me acuerdo de dónde he aparcado. - I can't remember where I parked. |
| en | pensar (think about), confiar (trust), entrar (go into), fijarse (notice), tardar (take time) | Tardo veinte minutos en llegar. - It takes me twenty minutes to get there. |
| con | soñar (dream about), contar (count on), casarse (marry), quedar (meet up with), encontrarse (run into) | He quedado con Lucía a las siete. - I'm meeting Lucía at seven. |
| a | empezar (start), aprender (learn), ayudar (help), invitar (invite), atreverse (dare), acostumbrarse (get used to) | Me estoy acostumbrando al horario español. - I'm getting used to Spanish mealtimes. |
| por | preocuparse (worry about), interesarse (take an interest in), preguntar (ask after), disculparse (apologise for) | Vino un señor preguntando por ti. - A man came asking for you. |
Spanish lunch at two and dinner at ten are what most visitors have to acostumbrarse a.
Some pairs differ from English only in the preposition (depender de, "depend on"), but many differ in a way you could not guess: "marry someone" is casarse con alguien, "dream of" is soñar con, "get into the car" is entrar en el coche (in Latin America also entrar al coche). And some English prepositional verbs have none in Spanish: "look for" is buscar, "listen to" is escuchar, "wait for" is esperar: Espero el autobús; espero por el autobús is heard in parts of the Caribbean but not in Spain.
English often drops the preposition before "that" or an "-ing" form; Spanish keeps it, and this is where a foreigner shows:
Native speakers sometimes drop it (me olvidé que...), and some add an extra de where none belongs (*pienso de que, called dequeísmo). Stick to the standard: de after acordarse, olvidarse, alegrarse; nothing after pensar que, creer que, decir que.
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Вправи для практики¿Te acuerdas de aquel verano en Cádiz? Todavía sueño con esas noches en la playa.
Do you remember that summer in Cádiz? I still dream about those nights on the beach.
acordarse DE and soñar CON. Neither preposition matches the one used in English, Russian, Czech or German.
He quedado con Javi en la puerta del cine y quedamos en pagar cada uno lo suyo.
I've arranged to meet Javi outside the cinema and we agreed to pay separately.
quedar con = to arrange to meet someone; quedar en = to agree on something. One verb, two prepositions, two meanings.
Todavía me estoy acostumbrando a cenar a las diez de la noche.
I'm still getting used to having dinner at ten at night.
The preposition stays even before an infinitive: acostumbrarse A cenar. Dropping it is a very visible error.
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Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу A2