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  1. Startseite
  2. ›Grammatik
  3. ›C2
  4. ›Eine Argumentation aufbauen
СтылістыкаC2

Eine Argumentation aufbauen

Stating a position, conceding, refuting and concluding - the phrases and structures that carry a Belarusian argument.

Lernziel

I can state, support, concede, refute and conclude in written Belarusian argument.

Prüfungskompetenzen:BSU: ГаварэннеBSU: Пісьмо

Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?

Безумоўна, гэта каштуе дорага. Аднак кошт бяздзейнасці вышэйшы.

Certainly it is expensive. The cost of doing nothing, however, is higher.

Наўрад ці гэта адзіная прычына.

This is hardly the only reason.

Часта сцвярджаюць, што гэта немагчыма.

It is often asserted that this is impossible.

Хутчэй за ўсё, справа ў фінансаванні.

The matter is most likely one of funding.

Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?

The moves

MovePhrases
Stating a positionНа маю думку, я лічу, што; варта прызнаць, што
Supportingпа-першае; пра гэта сведчыць; напрыклад; як паказвае
Concedingбезумоўна; нельга не пагадзіцца, што; праўда, што
Turningаднак; разам з тым; тым не менш; і ўсё ж
Refutingнаўрад ці; гэта не так; аргумент не вытрымлівае крытыкі
Concludingтакім чынам; з гэтага вынікае; падсумуем

Concede then turn

The strongest standard shape is a concession followed by a reversal, and it is worth drilling as a unit: Безумоўна, гэта каштуе дорага. Аднак кошт бяздзейнасці вышэйшы. Granting the opposing point first is what makes the reversal land, and an argument that concedes nothing reads as unserious.

Grading your certainty

An argument that states everything at maximum strength persuades nobody. The scale:

  • Магчыма - possibly
  • Верагодна - probably
  • Хутчэй за ўсё - most likely
  • Няма сумневу, што - beyond doubt
  • Наўрад ці - hardly, for the negative end

Attributing a position

Whether you are reporting a view or endorsing it must be visible: Прыхільнікі гэтага меркавання лічаць..., Часта сцвярджаюць, што..., Як мяркуе аўтар... The verb сцвярджаць in particular signals that you are not vouching for the claim - the same distinction the journalistic article makes.

The structure of an essay

  1. Уступ - the question, and why it is worth asking.
  2. Тэзіс - your position, stated plainly.
  3. Аргументы - each with support, strongest last or first but not buried.
  4. Контраргументы - the opposing case, given honestly, then answered.
  5. Выснова - what follows, not a restatement.

Register

Written argument in Belarusian is more formal than in modern English: longer sentences, more explicit connectors, and no first person singular in academic contexts. In journalism the first person plural is normal and does argumentative work by including the reader.

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses C2 an

Übungsaufgaben

Typical errors: stating every claim at full strength, and presenting the opposing case only to dismiss it without stating it fairly.

Häufige Fehlermuster

Stating every claim at maximum strength

Grade it: магчыма, верагодна, хутчэй за ўсё.

Not stating the opposing case fairly

The concession is what makes the turn work.

Blurring reported and endorsed positions

Сцвярджаюць signals you do not vouch for it.

Ending by restating the thesis

The conclusion says what follows.

Безумоўна, гэта каштуе дорага. Аднак кошт бяздзейнасці вышэйшы.

Certainly it is expensive. The cost of doing nothing, however, is higher.

Concede, then turn - the standard strong shape.

Наўрад ці гэта адзіная прычына.

This is hardly the only reason.

<em>Наўрад ці</em> refutes without asserting the opposite.

Часта сцвярджаюць, што гэта немагчыма.

It is often asserted that this is impossible.

<em>Сцвярджаць</em> reports without endorsing.

Хутчэй за ўсё, справа ў фінансаванні.

The matter is most likely one of funding.

A graded claim rather than a flat one.

Такім чынам, з гэтага вынікае адзін вывад.

One conclusion therefore follows from this.

Two conclusion markers together, standard in formal writing.

Im Kurs üben

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses C2 an

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