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  1. Startseite
  2. ›Grammatik
  3. ›C1
  4. ›Expressive Satzgestaltung: Inversion, Ellipse, Wiederholung
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Stil und RegisterC1

Expressive Satzgestaltung: Inversion, Ellipse, Wiederholung

Inversion, ellipsis, parcelling, repetition, rhetorical questions - the devices that make written Belarusian carry a voice.

Lernziel

I can use inversion, ellipsis, parcelling and repetition deliberately, and judge when not to.

Prüfungskompetenzen:BSU · SchreibenBSU · Sprechen

Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?

Цяжка было маўчаць у той дзень.

It was hard to keep quiet that day.

Ён - направа, я - налева.

He went right, I went left.

Ён вярнуўся. Праз дваццаць гадоў. Адзін.

He came back. Twenty years later. Alone.

Хіба гэта справядліва?

Is that supposed to be fair?

Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?

Beyond correct

By C1 your sentences are correct. What they may lack is force. These are the standard devices for supplying it, and they are learnable in the same way grammar is.

Inversion

Moving a word out of its neutral slot puts weight on it. Because the neutral order already puts new information last, inversion usually means fronting: Цяжка было маўчаць. - Was it ever hard to keep quiet.

Ellipsis

Leaving out what the reader can supply, most often the verb: Ён - направа, я - налева. The dash marks the gap, and the sentence gains speed.

Parcelling

Breaking off part of a sentence into its own: Ён вярнуўся. Праз дваццаць гадоў. Адзін. Grammatically the last two are fragments; rhetorically each is a separate blow. Used sparingly this is powerful, used constantly it is exhausting.

Repetition

  • Anaphora, repeating the opening: Не чуў. Не бачыў. Не ведаў.
  • Chaining, where each sentence starts from the last one's end - the natural extension of the information-structure rule.
  • Doubling for intensity: ішоў-ішоў, ціха-ціха. This one is idiomatic rather than rhetorical, and very common in speech and folk narrative.

Rhetorical questions

The staple of the journalistic style: Хіба гэта справядліва? The particle хіба marks the question as one expecting the answer no, and няўжо marks disbelief - Няўжо ён не ведаў? Neither has a single clean English equivalent.

Address and exclamation

Direct address to the reader, with the vocative if you want warmth, and exclamatory structures built on які and колькі: Які прыгожы дзень!, Колькі тут людзей!

The discipline

Every device here works by contrast with a neutral baseline. A text made entirely of parcelled fragments and rhetorical questions has no baseline left, and the devices stop doing anything. Use one at a time.

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses C1 an

Übungsaufgaben

Typical errors: using several devices at once until the baseline disappears, and parcelling in registers that do not admit it.

Цяжка было маўчаць у той дзень.

It was hard to keep quiet that day.

Inversion puts the weight on <em>цяжка</em>.

Ён - направа, я - налева.

He went right, I went left.

Ellipsis of the verb, marked by dashes.

Ён вярнуўся. Праз дваццаць гадоў. Адзін.

He came back. Twenty years later. Alone.

Parcelling: each fragment lands separately.

Хіба гэта справядліва?

Is that supposed to be fair?

<em>Хіба</em> marks a question expecting the answer no.

Ішоў-ішоў і нарэшце дайшоў.

He walked and walked and finally got there.

Doubling for duration - idiomatic rather than rhetorical.

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Verwandte Grammatikthemen

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Ebenfalls in Stil und Register

  • Funktionalstile
  • Bildliche Sprache und Stilmittel
  • Terminologie und wissenschaftliches Schreiben
  • Journalistischer Stil
  • Übersetzen ins Belarussische
  • Gefühl und Einstellung ausdrückenC2
  • Ironie, Humor und UnderstatementC2
  • Eine Argumentation aufbauenC2
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  • Schriftliche Textsorten: Brief, Antrag, Lebenslauf, RezensionC2
  • Verslehre: Metrum, Reim und der VolksversC2
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Voraussetzungen

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Grammatik C1·Grammatik-Nachschlagewerk