숫자A1

Zählwörter/Klassifikatoren

Koreanische Zählwörter (Klassifikatoren) zum Zählen verschiedener Objektarten

Lernziel

Ich kann gängige koreanische Zählwörter verwenden, um Objekte, Menschen und Tiere zu zählen

Prüfungskompetenzen:듣기읽기

Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?

책 네 권을 샀어요.

Ich habe vier Bücher gekauft.

커피 두 잔 주세요.

Zwei Tassen Kaffee, bitte.

고양이 세 마리가 있어요.

Es gibt drei Katzen.

차 한 대가 주차장에 있어요.

Ein Auto steht auf dem Parkplatz.

Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?

단위 명사/분류사 (Counters/Classifiers)

Korean requires a counter word (분류사) between the number and what you're counting. The pattern is: noun + number + counter.

CounterUsed forExample
개General objects사과 두 개 (2 apples)
명 / 사람People학생 세 명 (3 students)
마리Animals고양이 한 마리 (1 cat)
잔Cups/glasses커피 두 잔 (2 cups of coffee)
권Books/volumes책 세 권 (3 books)
장Flat things (paper, tickets)종이 네 장 (4 sheets of paper)
대Vehicles, machines차 한 대 (1 car)
병Bottles물 한 병 (1 bottle of water)
살Age (years old)스무 살 (20 years old)
시Hours (o'clock)세 시 (3 o'clock)

Word order: Noun + native Korean number + counter: 사과 세 개. Alternative order: 세 개의 사과 (more literary).

Important: Counters always use native Korean numbers (한, 두, 세...), not Sino-Korean (일, 이, 삼...).

Learners use the wrong counter for the object type, or omit counters entirely. Also using Sino-Korean numbers with counters instead of native Korean. EN speakers: English has no obligatory classifiers, so learners forget them entirely. Tendency to say *사과 세 instead of 사과 세 개. DE speakers: German lacks classifiers. May try to translate 'Stück' (piece) as a universal counter but Korean is more specific. RU speakers: Russian has no classifiers either. However, the concept of 'штука' (piece) for counting helps with 개 (general counter). CS speakers: Czech has no classifiers. May struggle to remember which counter goes with which noun category.

Häufige Fehlermuster

Counted without using a counter word

Korean always requires a counter between number and noun

Used incorrect counter for the noun type

개 = general, 명 = people, 마리 = animals, 잔 = cups, 권 = books, 장 = flat, 대 = vehicles

책 네 권을 샀어요.

Ich habe vier Bücher gekauft.

권 = Zählwort für Bücher/Bände. 넷 → 네 vor 권. 을 markiert das Objekt.

커피 두 잔 주세요.

Zwei Tassen Kaffee, bitte.

잔 = Zählwort für Tassen/Gläser. 둘 → 두 (verkürzte Form vor Zählwort).

고양이 세 마리가 있어요.

Es gibt drei Katzen.

마리 = Zählwort für Tiere. 셋 → 세 vor 마리.

차 한 대가 주차장에 있어요.

Ein Auto steht auf dem Parkplatz.

대 = Zählwort für Fahrzeuge und Maschinen. 하나 → 한 vor 대.

Im Kurs üben

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an

A1 Kurs
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