동사활용A1

Progressiv (-고 있다)

Die Progressivform -고 있다 für andauernde Handlungen

Lernziel

Ich kann laufende Handlungen und aktuelle Zustände mit -고 있다 beschreiben

Prüfungskompetenzen:듣기읽기

Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?

지금 뭐 하고 있어요?

Was machst du gerade?

책을 읽고 있어요.

Ich lese gerade ein Buch.

비가 오고 있었어요.

Es hat geregnet.

모자를 쓰고 있어요.

Ich trage einen Hut.

Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?

-고 있다 (Progressive: "be doing")

Express an ongoing action using verb stem + -고 있다, similar to English "-ing" form.

VerbProgressivePolite form
먹다 (eat)먹고 있다먹고 있어요
읽다 (read)읽고 있다읽고 있어요
공부하다 (study)공부하고 있다공부하고 있어요
기다리다 (wait)기다리고 있다기다리고 있어요

Tense variations:

TenseFormExample
Present progressive-고 있어요지금 먹고 있어요 (I'm eating now)
Past progressive-고 있었어요그때 먹고 있었어요 (I was eating then)

Important: Only action verbs can use -고 있다. Descriptive verbs (adjectives) CANNOT: *예쁘고 있어요 (WRONG). Also, some verbs like 알다 (know) and 입다 (wear) use -고 있다 for a resulting state, not an ongoing action: 모자를 쓰고 있어요 = is wearing a hat (state), not is putting on a hat.

Using -고 있다 with adjectives. Not distinguishing ongoing action from resulting state. Overusing progressive where simple present suffices. EN speakers: May overuse progressive as in English ('I'm living in Seoul' → Korean prefers 서울에 살아요, not 살고 있어요). Also forget it can't be used with adjectives. DE speakers: German has no progressive — uses simple present for ongoing actions ('Ich esse gerade'). Need to learn when Korean requires the progressive form. RU speakers: Russian uses imperfective aspect for ongoing actions, not a separate progressive. Mapping imperfective → -고 있다 works sometimes but not always. CS speakers: Czech uses imperfective verbs similarly to Russian. The dedicated progressive form is a new concept.

Häufige Fehlermuster

Used -고 있다 with a descriptive verb/adjective

Only action verbs can use -고 있다. Adjectives (크다, 작다, 예쁘다) cannot

Used progressive where simple present is more natural

Korean prefers simple present for habitual actions. -고 있다 is for actions happening RIGHT NOW

지금 뭐 하고 있어요?

Was machst du gerade?

하 + -고 있어요 = gerade tun. Häufigste progressive Frage.

책을 읽고 있어요.

Ich lese gerade ein Buch.

읽 + -고 있어요 = lese gerade. Handlung, die gerade stattfindet.

비가 오고 있었어요.

Es hat geregnet.

Vergangenheitsprogressiv: -고 있었어요. 비가 오다 = regnen.

모자를 쓰고 있어요.

Ich trage einen Hut.

쓰고 있어요 = tragen (Zustand). Kleidungsverben verwenden -고 있다 für den resultierenden Zustand.

Im Kurs üben

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an

A1 Kurs
← Zurück zu den Themen

Gleich anwenden

Kostenlose Übung aus dem Kurs ausprobieren