Duration up to now: have been waiting for two hours; result-traces (you've been running!); vs present perfect simple
I can express duration up to now and process traces with have been doing.
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
How long have you been standing in this queue? - Long enough to make two friends.
How long have you been standing in this queue? - Long enough to make two friends.
You've been chopping onions, haven't you? Your eyes give you away.
You've been chopping onions, haven't you? Your eyes give you away.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Process reaching into now:
| Use | Example |
|---|---|
| duration up to now | I've been waiting for two hours. |
| visible traces | Your hands are dirty - you've been gardening! |
| recent repeated activity | She's been calling all morning. |
Contrast with simple: I've painted the fence (done - look at the result) vs I've been painting the fence (that's why I'm covered in paint - maybe unfinished). With how long + live process, continuous is the default: How long have you been learning English?
Apply this grammar in B1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesPresent simple with for/since duration
Duration to now: have been + -ing
Continuous for finished results
Result → have done; process → have been doing
How long have you been standing in this queue? - Long enough to make two friends.
How long have you been standing in this queue? - Long enough to make two friends.
how long + have been doing: duration question.
You've been chopping onions, haven't you? Your eyes give you away.
You've been chopping onions, haven't you? Your eyes give you away.
Traces in the present betray the recent process.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in B1 course exercises