Adessive (-lla/-llä = on/at surface) and ablative (-lta/-ltä = from surface)
I can express 'on/at' and 'from' surfaces, and say what I have.
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
Kirja on pöydällä.
The book is on the table.
Minulla on koira.
I have a dog.
Otan lasin pöydältä.
I take the glass from the table.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Adessive (-lla/-llä) = 'on/at (surface)'. Ablative (-lta/-ltä) = 'from (surface)'. BONUS: Adessive expresses possession: Minulla on = I have (lit. 'on me is').
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesMixing up -ssa (inside) vs -lla (on surface). Forgetting that 'have' = adessive + on.
Mixing inessive (-ssa = inside) and adessive (-lla = on surface)
Inside container = -ssa. On surface/open area = -lla.
Using wrong structure for 'have'
Finnish 'have' = person in ADESSIVE + on: Minulla on koira.
Kirja on pöydällä.
The book is on the table.
Pöytä → pöydällä (adessive -llä). On the surface = adessive.
Minulla on koira.
I have a dog.
Possession: minä → minulla (adessive) + on + thing. Like Russian 'у меня есть'!
Otan lasin pöydältä.
I take the glass from the table.
Pöytä → pöydältä (ablative -ltä). From the surface = ablative.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises