What are common mistakes with ने की पूरी व्यवस्था?

Applying ne outside the perfective, and using it with the verbs that refuse it. 🇷🇺 Russian speakers: there is no native model at all - Russian agrees with the subject in every tense - so this has to be built from rules rather than intuition, and the passive kniga prochitana mnoyu is a mnemonic, not an equivalent.

ने की पूरी व्यवस्था: rules, examples & exercises | Hindi Grammar B2

ने की पूरी व्यवस्था

B2 — कारक

ने कब, क्यों और किन अपवादों के साथ

I can apply ne correctly including its exceptions

ने कब, क्यों और किन अपवादों के साथ

Examples

— I saw him.
— I forgot the key.
— She wrote the letters.

कारकB2

Ergativity in Depth

When ne appears, why, and the verbs that refuse it

Learning Goal

I can apply ne correctly including its exceptions

Exam Skills:बोलनालिखना

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

I saw him.

I forgot the key.

She wrote the letters.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

The rule, stated fully

ने appears on the subject of a transitive verb in a perfective tense. Not in the imperfective, not with intransitives, and not in the future.

मैं खाता हूँ।	imperfective, no ne
मैंने खाया।	perfective transitive, ne
मैं गया।	intransitive, no ne
मैं खाऊँगा।	future, no ne

The verbs that refuse ne

Some transitive verbs never take it: बोलना, लाना, भूलना, समझना in some uses, and मिलना always. मैं भूल गया, never मैंने भूला.

Agreement, in order

If the object is bare, the verb agrees with it.
If the object carries को, the verb defaults to masculine singular.
If there is no object at all, the verb still defaults.

मैंने रोटी खाई / मैंने रोटी को खाया / मैंने खाया.

Apply this grammar in B2 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Applying ne outside the perfective, and using it with the verbs that refuse it.

Common Error Patterns

ne used outside the perfective

Imperfective and future never take ne.

ne used with bolna, lana, bhulna or milna

These transitive-looking verbs refuse ne.

I saw him.

ko on the object blocks agreement; dekha defaults.

I forgot the key.

bhulna refuses ne even though it looks transitive.

She wrote the letters.

Bare plural feminine object, so likhin agrees with it.

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in B2 course exercises

B2 Course

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Frequently asked questions

When is ने की पूरी व्यवस्था used?: ने appears on the subject of a transitive verb in a perfective tense. Not in the imperfective, not with intransitives, and not in the future.
How is ने की पूरी व्यवस्था formed?: Some transitive verbs never take it: बोलना, लाना, भूलना, समझना in some uses, and मिलना always. मैं भूल गया, never मैंने भूला.
What are common mistakes with ने की पूरी व्यवस्था?: Applying ne outside the perfective, and using it with the verbs that refuse it. 🇷🇺 Russian speakers: there is no native model at all - Russian agrees with the subject in every tense - so this has to be built from rules rather than intuition, and the passive kniga prochitana mnoyu is a mnemonic, not an equivalent.

Sources

Hindi (London Oriental and African Language Library 12) — John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006
Yamuna Kachru's reference grammar; the descriptive account relied on for aspect, valency and clause structure.
Outline of Hindi Grammar — Oxford University Press, 1995
R. S. McGregor's outline, the standard concise academic description of Hindi morphology.