बहुवचन का पूरा नियम

A2 — संज्ञा

सीधा और तिर्यक बहुवचन — चारों प्रकार की संज्ञाएँ

I can form the plural of any noun, direct or oblique

सीधा और तिर्यक बहुवचन — चारों प्रकार की संज्ञाएँ

Examples

— I have two brothers.
— Call the girls.
— The books are on the table.

संज्ञाA2

Noun Plurals in Full

The direct and oblique plural for every noun class

Learning Goal

I can form the plural of any noun, direct or oblique

Exam Skills:बोलनालिखना

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

I have two brothers.

Call the girls.

The books are on the table.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

Four classes

Type	Singular	Plural	Oblique plural
m in -आ	लड़का	लड़के	लड़कों
m other	घर	घर	घरों
f in -ई	लड़की	लड़कियाँ	लड़कियों
f other	किताब	किताबें	किताबों

The oblique plural is always -ओं, whatever the noun started as. That single fact covers half the paradigm.

Masculine nouns that do not change

Masculine nouns not ending in -आ look identical in the singular and the plural: एक घर, दो घर. The plural shows only in the words around them: मेरे घर अच्छे हैं.

Words with no singular

कपड़े, जूते, लोग, पैसे and दर्शन are plural in form and take plural agreement even about one thing.

Apply this grammar in A2 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Adding a plural ending to a masculine noun that does not take one.

Common Error Patterns

Invented plural for an unchanging masculine noun

ghar stays ghar; only the agreement moves.

Direct plural used before a postposition

Every noun takes -on in the oblique plural.

I have two brothers.

bhai is unchanged; the plural shows in mere and hain.

Call the girls.

Oblique plural in -on before ko.

The books are on the table.

Feminine consonant-final nouns take -en.

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in A2 course exercises

A2 Course

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Frequently asked questions

When is बहुवचन का पूरा नियम used?: The oblique plural is always -ओं, whatever the noun started as. That single fact covers half the paradigm.
How is बहुवचन का पूरा नियम formed?: Masculine nouns not ending in -आ look identical in the singular and the plural: एक घर, दो घर. The plural shows only in the words around them: मेरे घर अच्छे हैं. कपड़े, जूते, लोग, पैसे and दर्शन are plural in form and take plural agreement even about one thing.
What are common mistakes with बहुवचन का पूरा नियम?: Adding a plural ending to a masculine noun that does not take one. 🇷🇺 Russian speakers: Russian always marks number on the noun itself, so learners invent ghare for two houses; and they miss that agreement is the only signal.

Sources

हिन्दी व्याकरण — काशी नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा, 1920
Kamta Prasad Guru's grammar, the standard prescriptive reference for Hindi morphology and syntax.
Outline of Hindi Grammar — Oxford University Press, 1995
R. S. McGregor's outline, the standard concise academic description of Hindi morphology.

Type

Singular

Plural

Oblique plural

m in -आ

लड़का

लड़के

लड़कों

m other

घर

घरों

f in -ई

लड़की

लड़कियाँ

लड़कियों

f other

किताब

किताबें

किताबों

Frequently asked questions

When is बहुवचन का पूरा नियम used?

The oblique plural is always -ओं, whatever the noun started as. That single fact covers half the paradigm.

How is बहुवचन का पूरा नियम formed?

Masculine nouns not ending in -आ look identical in the singular and the plural: एक घर, दो घर. The plural shows only in the words around them: मेरे घर अच्छे हैं. कपड़े, जूते, लोग, पैसे and दर्शन are plural in form and take plural agreement even about one thing.

What are common mistakes with बहुवचन का पूरा नियम?

Adding a plural ending to a masculine noun that does not take one. 🇷🇺 Russian speakers: Russian always marks number on the noun itself, so learners invent ghare for two houses; and they miss that agreement is the only signal.

Sources

हिन्दी व्याकरण — काशी नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा, 1920

Kamta Prasad Guru's grammar, the standard prescriptive reference for Hindi morphology and syntax.

Outline of Hindi Grammar — Oxford University Press, 1995

R. S. McGregor's outline, the standard concise academic description of Hindi morphology.