विभक्ति (कारक रूप): rules, examples & exercises | Hindi Grammar A1

विभक्ति (कारक रूप)

A1 — संज्ञा

Oblique case: M -ā→-e, F unchanged, plural -oṁ

I can apply oblique case to nouns and adjectives before postpositions

Oblique case: M -ā→-e, F unchanged, plural -oṁ

Examples

लड़के को बुलाओ। — Call the boy.
बच्चों के लिए — For the children
अच्छे लड़के से — From the good boy
लड़कियों में से — Among the girls

संज्ञाA1

Oblique Case

Noun/adjective form changes before postpositions

Learning Goal

I can apply oblique case to nouns and adjectives

Exam Skills:पढ़नालिखना

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

लड़के को बुलाओ।

Call the boy.

बच्चों के लिए

For the children

अच्छे लड़के से

From the good boy

लड़कियों में से

Among the girls

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

विभक्ति — Oblique Case

Hindi nouns have two forms: direct (subject) and oblique (before postpositions). All postpositions require oblique.

Type	Direct	Oblique sg.	Oblique pl.
M ending -ा	लड़का	लड़के	लड़कों
M other	आदमी	आदमी	आदमियों
F ending -ी	लड़की	लड़की	लड़कियों
F other	किताब	किताब	किताबों

Rules:

M -ा → -े (sg), -ों (pl): कमरा → कमरे में, कमरों में
F: no sg change, pl adds -ों: लड़कियों में
Adjectives also go oblique: अच्छा → अच्छे लड़के में

Remember: Oblique = 'the noun is about to meet a postposition.'

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Forgetting that adjectives also change to oblique form before postpositions. 🇬🇧 English: English has no oblique case at all — this is an entirely new concept for English speakers. 🇩🇪 German: German cases (Dativ: dem guten Mann) are similar — Hindi oblique works like a simplified single 'non-nominative' case.

Common Error Patterns

Using direct form instead of oblique before postposition

Before postpositions: M -ा→-े, plural -ों. F singular unchanged.

Not changing adjective to oblique along with noun

Adjectives agree: अच्छा लड़का → अच्छे लड़के को (both change)

लड़के को बुलाओ।

Call the boy.

लड़का → लड़के (oblique) before postposition को.

बच्चों के लिए

For the children

बच्चा → बच्चों (oblique plural -ों).

अच्छे लड़के से

From the good boy

Both adj (अच्छा→अच्छे) and noun (लड़का→लड़के) go oblique.

लड़कियों में से

Among the girls

F plural oblique: लड़की → लड़कियों (-ियों pattern).

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

A1 Course

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Put it into practice

Try a free exercise from the course

Frequently asked questions

When is विभक्ति (कारक रूप) used?: Hindi nouns have two forms: direct (subject) and oblique (before postpositions). All postpositions require oblique.
How is विभक्ति (कारक रूप) formed?: Remember: Oblique = 'the noun is about to meet a postposition.'
What are common mistakes with विभक्ति (कारक रूप)?: Forgetting that adjectives also change to oblique form before postpositions. 🇬🇧 English: English has no oblique case at all — this is an entirely new concept for English speakers. 🇩🇪 German: German cases (Dativ: dem guten Mann) are similar — Hindi oblique works like a simplified single 'non-nominative' case. 🇷🇺 Russian: Russian's 6 cases give strong preparation — Hindi's oblique is like one universal 'governed' form.