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CourseGrammarDictionaryVocabulary
  1. Home
  2. ›Grammar
  3. ›A1
  4. ›Nouns: gender and number
SubstantiveA1

Nouns: gender and number

Masculine/feminine/neuter nouns, plural formation

Learning Goal

Can identify noun gender and form plurals

Exam Skills:Înțelegerea textului scrisProducție oralăProducție scrisă

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

Un băiat și o fată merg la școală.

A boy and a girl go to school.

Un scaun nou costă mult, dar două scaune noi sunt ieftine.

A new chair costs a lot, but two new chairs are cheap.

Profesorii și studentele sunt în clasă.

The (male) teachers and the (female) students are in class.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

Three genders: masc., fem., neuter (switches masc→fem by number!). Plurals: -i, -e, -uri.

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Neuter switches masc→fem by number. Unique to Romanian.

Common Error Patterns

Treating neuter as fixed gender instead of switching

Neuter = masc. in sg. (un scaun), fem. in pl. (două scaune). It SWITCHES!

Using wrong plural ending

Masc: -i (băieți). Fem: -e/-i (fete, cărți). Neuter: -e/-uri (scaune, locuri).

Un băiat și o fată merg la școală.

A boy and a girl go to school.

'Băiat' = masculine (un). 'Fată' = feminine (o). Articles show gender.

Un scaun nou costă mult, dar două scaune noi sunt ieftine.

A new chair costs a lot, but two new chairs are cheap.

Neuter noun: 'un scaun nou' (masc. agreement in sg.) → 'două scaune noi' (fem. agreement in pl.!).

Profesorii și studentele sunt în clasă.

The (male) teachers and the (female) students are in class.

'Profesorii' = profesori + i (masc. pl. + article). 'Studentele' = studente + le (fem. pl. + article).

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

A1 Course
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Put it into practice

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Frequently asked questions

When is Substantive: genul și numărul used?
Româna are 3 genuri : masculin, feminin și neutru (unic printre limbile romanice!).
How is Substantive: genul și numărul formed?
Plurale neregulate frecvente: om→oameni, copil→copii, soră→surori
What are common mistakes with Substantive: genul și numărul?
Three genders with neuter switching behavior is unique. 🇬🇧 English: English has no grammatical gender. All three genders + plural changes are completely new. 🇷🇺 Russian: Russian also has 3 genders — great! But Romanian neuter SWITCHES between masc/fem, unlike Russian. 🇨🇿 Czech: Czech has 3 genders too (animate masc!). Romanian neuter is different — it switches gender by number. 🇩🇪 German: German has 3 genders. Romanian neuter is NOT like German Neutrum — it switches between masc(sg) and fem(pl)!

Related grammar topics

  • Alfabetul și pronunția românească