İle (-la/-le)
'With' as suffix (-la/-le) or postposition (ile) — instrument and accompaniment
Can express accompaniment and instrument using ile/-la/-le
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
Arkadaşımla sinemaya gittim.
I went to the cinema with my friend.
Kalemle yaz, silgiyle sil.
Write with a pen, erase with an eraser.
Çay sütle mi sütsüz mü?
Tea with milk or without milk?
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
İle (with) hem ayrı kelime hem de ek olarak kullanılır: -la/-le (ünsüzden sonra) veya -yla/-yle (ünlüden sonra).
| Biçim | Örnek |
|---|---|
| ile (ayrı) | Ali ile geldim. |
| -la/-le (ek) | Ali'yle geldim. / kalemle yazdım. |
Kullanımlar: Birliktelik (with someone), araç (with something), tarz (in a way).
Common Error Patterns
Wrong vowel form of ile suffix
After consonant: -la (back) or -le (front). After vowel: -yla (back) or -yle (front).
Arkadaşımla sinemaya gittim.
I went to the cinema with my friend.
arkadaşımla: friend+my+with.
Kalemle yaz, silgiyle sil.
Write with a pen, erase with an eraser.
kalemle: with-pen; silgiyle: with-eraser.
Çay sütle mi sütsüz mü?
Tea with milk or without milk?
sütle (with) vs sütsüz (without). -süz = without.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises