Negation: не + verb, ні...ні, нічога/ніхто
Umím používat Адмаўленне.
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У мяне сёння няма часу.
I have no time today.
Ніхто нічога не ведае пра гэта.
Nobody knows anything about it.
Мы ніколі не былі ў Белавежскай пушчы.
We have never been to the Bielaviezhskaja Pushcha.
Ты стаміўся? — Не, зусім не.
Are you tired? - No, not at all.
Zaměřte se na zvýrazněné části. Co mají společného?
TODO: Czech content
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Procvičovací cvičeníTypical errors: building the English single negative (Ніхто прыйшоў without не), which is ungrammatical; looking for an auxiliary like do not; and using не with a verb where няма plus the genitive is required.
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У мяне сёння няма часу.
I have no time today.
<em>Няма</em>, not <em>не</em>, and the thing absent goes into the genitive: <em>час</em> becomes <strong>часу</strong>.
Ніхто нічога не ведае пра гэта.
Nobody knows anything about it.
Three negatives in one clause and all three are required. English would allow only one.
Мы ніколі не былі ў Белавежскай пушчы.
We have never been to the Bielaviezhskaja Pushcha.
<em>Ніколі</em> still needs <em>не</em>. The Bielaviezhskaja Pushcha is the last remnant of the primeval forest that once covered the plain, and home to the European bison.
Ты стаміўся? — Не, зусім не.
Are you tired? - No, not at all.
As a one-word answer, "no" is <strong>не</strong>. <em>Няма</em> would be wrong here: it says something is absent, not that the answer is negative.
На стале ні хлеба, ні солі.
On the table there is neither bread nor salt.
Repeated <em>ні</em> with the genitive. Bread and salt are what a Belarusian household traditionally meets a guest with, so the sentence reads as a pointed absence.
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