The numbers one to ten are among the most useful words you can carry into a Latin text or inscription: dates, ages, legion numbers, and prices all res
Can recognize Numbers one to ten in a short Latin prompt
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Ūna hōra, duo librī, trēs puellae.
One hour, two books, three girls.
Quīnque diēs in viā fuimus.
We were on the road for five days.
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The numbers one to ten are among the most useful words you can carry into a Latin text or inscription: dates, ages, legion numbers, and prices all rest on them. Many are the ancestors of English words, so they double as a memory aid.
| Numeral | Latin word | English echo |
|---|---|---|
| I | unus | unit, union |
| II | duo | duo, dual |
| III | tres | trio, triple |
| IV | quattuor | quart, quatrain |
| V | quinque | quintet |
| VI | sex | sextet |
| VII | septem | September (7th month) |
| VIII | octo | octopus, October |
| IX | novem | November |
| X | decem | decimal, decade |
Examples:
For English speakers: a small trap is that most of these numbers do not change their endings. Quattuor through decem are indeclinable, so you will not see the case endings you have learned elsewhere: this is normal, not an error. Only unus, duo and trēs shift form (for example duo, duae, duo and trēs, tria). Also note the Roman practice of subtraction in numerals: IV is 4 (one before five) and IX is 9 (one before ten), not 6 and 11.
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu A1
Procvičovací cvičeníŪna hōra, duo librī, trēs puellae.
One hour, two books, three girls.
The first three numerals decline and agree in gender: una with hora, duo with libri. From four upward they are fixed.
Quīnque diēs in viā fuimus.
We were on the road for five days.
Quinque does not decline and governs no case: dies is an accusative of duration, like tres horas. English 'five days' works the same way.
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Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu A1