तो, ना, ही, जी — बातचीत को स्वाभाविक बनाने वाले कण
I can soften, confirm and emphasise the way a native speaker does
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Sie kommen doch, oder?
Mann, wir sind spät dran!
Und was machen wir jetzt?
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
A tag seeking agreement: आप आएँगे ना? - You'll come, won't you? It also softens a request: बता दीजिए ना.
Beyond contrast, तो fills the slot English gives to 'well' and 'so': तो अब क्या करें? - So what do we do now?
यार is an address particle between friends, roughly 'mate'. अरे opens a sentence with surprise or mild protest: अरे, आप यहाँ!
These combine freely: अरे यार, चलो ना. Getting the stack right is most of what makes speech sound unforced, and none of it can be worked out from rules.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses B2 an
ÜbungsaufgabenOmitting particles entirely, which makes correct Hindi sound like a textbook.
Speech built with no particles at all
Match each Russian particle to a Hindi one.
yaar used with someone who is not a peer
yaar is for friends; it is out of place with an elder or a stranger.
Sie kommen doch, oder?
na as a tag seeking agreement, like ved.
Mann, wir sind spät dran!
Two particles stacked, as Russian stacks nu and zhe.
Und was machen wir jetzt?
to filling the slot of the Russian nu.
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses B2 an