जी, भैया, दीदी, साहब — किसे कैसे बुलाएँ
I can address a stranger, a shopkeeper and an elder correctly
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Entschuldigung, hören Sie mal.
Nein, danke.
Wie geht es Ihnen, Tante?
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
जी attaches to a name or a title and marks respect: रोहन जी, डॉक्टर जी, माता जी. On its own it means 'yes' politely, and जी हाँ / जी नहीं are the polite yes and no.
| भैया | a man roughly your age or younger; a shopkeeper, a driver |
| दीदी | a woman slightly older |
| आंटी / अंकल | anyone of your parents' generation |
| बेटा | a much younger person, affectionately |
None of these implies you are related. Using a kinship word for a stranger is the normal, warm way to speak.
There is no everyday equivalent of calling someone by surname alone. And तू is not a friendly informal; use तुम with friends and आप with everyone else.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A2 an
ÜbungsaufgabenReaching for tu as the friendly form, or addressing a stranger with no term at all.
tu used as an ordinary informal you
tum is the friendly form; tu is intimate or rude.
Addressing a stranger with no term at all
Use bhaiya, didi, aunty or uncle; going without sounds abrupt.
Entschuldigung, hören Sie mal.
The normal way to get a shopkeeper's or driver's attention.
Nein, danke.
ji makes the refusal polite.
Wie geht es Ihnen, Tante?
A kinship term for a stranger of the parents' generation.
Im Kurs üben
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A2 an