Fragewörter: hver, hvað, hvar, hvenær, hvers vegna, hvernig, hvaða
Kann Fragen mit Fragewörtern und korrekter V2-Wortstellung bilden
Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?
Hvað heitir þú?
Wie heißt du?
Hvar er næsta hótel?
Wo ist das nächste Hotel?
Hvers vegna ertu hér?
Warum bist du hier?
Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?
Almost every Icelandic question word starts with hv-, pronounced [kv], which makes them easy to spot and, at first, easy to mix up.
| Word | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|
| hver | who | Hver er þetta? - Who is this? |
| hvað | what | Hvað ertu að gera? - What are you doing? |
| hvar | where (location) | Hvar býrðu? - Where do you live? |
| hvert | where to | Hvert ertu að fara? - Where are you going? |
| hvaðan | where from | Hvaðan ertu? - Where are you from? |
| hvenær | when | Hvenær kemur rútan? - When does the bus come? |
| hvernig | how | Hvernig hefur þú það? - How are you? |
| hvaða | which, what kind of | Hvaða bók ertu að lesa? - Which book are you reading? |
| hvers vegna / af hverju | why | Af hverju ertu þreyttur? - Why are you tired? |
| hversu | how (much, many, big) | Hversu margir koma? - How many people are coming? |
Prices are asked with hvað: Hvað kostar þetta? - How much is this?
English "where" does three jobs that Icelandic keeps apart: hvar asks about a place (Hvar ertu? - Where are you?), hvert about a direction (Hvert ferðu? - Where are you going?) and hvaðan about an origin (Hvaðan kemurðu? - Where do you come from?). The answers match: á Akureyri, til Akureyrar, frá Akureyri.
English builds questions with "do": "Where do you live?". Icelandic puts the verb itself straight after the question word, with the subject behind it: Hvar býrð þú? In speech the verb and þú fuse: Hvar býrðu? A yes/no question opens with the verb: Talarðu íslensku? - Do you speak Icelandic?
Keep hvar (where), hver (who) and hvað (what) apart from the start; they differ by one letter and English speakers swap them under pressure.
Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an
ÜbungsaufgabenHvað heitir þú?
Wie heißt du?
Hvað = was. Heitir = heißt (2. P. Sg. von heita). Wörtlich: 'Was heißt du?'
Hvar er næsta hótel?
Wo ist das nächste Hotel?
Hvar = wo. Næsta = nächste (Neutrum schwache Form). V2: Fragewort + Verb + Subjekt.
Hvers vegna ertu hér?
Warum bist du hier?
Hvers vegna = warum (wörtlich 'aus welchem Grund'). Ertu = er + þú (zusammengezogen). Üblich in der Sprache.
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Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A1 an