tkven + plural verb for politeness; greetings and courtesy phrases.
I can greet people, thank them and choose between shen and tkven appropriately.
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
ááááá á¯ááá, á áááá á®áá á?
Hello, how are you? (polite)
áááááááá, á§ááááá€áá á ááá ááááá.
Thank you, everything is fine.
á£áááªá áááá, á¡áá áá áá¡ ááá¢á á?
Excuse me, where is the metro?
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Like Russian or French, Georgian uses the plural áá¥ááá for polite address, with a plural verb: á áááá á®áá á? (How are you, polite) vs á áááá á®áá ? (informal).
Core courtesy kit: ááááá á¯ááá (hello), áááá áášááááááá¡á (good morning), áááááááá (thank you, polite), ááá®ááá (please), á£áááªá áááá (excuse me), ááá®áááááá¡ (goodbye), ááá ááá (take care - lit. 'well').
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesUsing ášáá with strangers or elders. Mixing polite áá¥ááá with a singular verb (*áá¥ááá á®áá - must be á®áá á). Using informal ááááááá where polite áááááááá fits better.
Register mismatch (shen/tkven)
Role-play shop and street dialogues in both registers.
ááááá á¯ááá, á áááá á®áá á?
Hello, how are you? (polite)
á®áá á = plural/polite 'you are'; the polite register for strangers.
áááááááá, á§ááááá€áá á ááá ááááá.
Thank you, everything is fine.
áááááááá = polite thanks; ááá ááááá = is well.
á£áááªá áááá, á¡áá áá áá¡ ááá¢á á?
Excuse me, where is the metro?
á£áááªá áááá opens polite requests to strangers.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises