Noun gender: masculine, feminine, neuter — determined by ending
Umím používat Род назоўнікаў.
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Нясвіжскі замак вельмі стары.
The castle at Niasvizh is very old.
Мая бабуля пячэ смачную бабку.
My grandmother is baking a tasty babka.
Маё сэрца засталося ў Полацку.
My heart stayed in Polatsk.
Наш сабака спіць пад таполяй.
Our dog is sleeping under the poplar.
Zaměřte se na zvýrazněné části. Co mají společného?
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Procvičovací cvičeníTypical errors: treating every noun in -а as feminine, so сэрца and месца pick up feminine adjectives (мая сэрца instead of маё сэрца). Speakers of English, which has no grammatical gender, more often forget agreement altogether and leave the adjective and the past-tense verb in one fixed form.
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Review Род назоўнікаў.
Нясвіжскі замак вельмі стары.
The castle at Niasvizh is very old.
<em>Замак</em> is masculine, so the adjective takes the masculine ending <em>-і</em>. Note the spelling: Russian <em>замок</em>, Belarusian <strong>замак</strong>, because the unstressed vowel is written <em>а</em>.
Мая бабуля пячэ смачную бабку.
My grandmother is baking a tasty babka.
<em>Бабуля</em> and <em>бабка</em> are both feminine, so both modifiers end in <em>-ая</em>/<em>-ую</em>. <em>Бабка</em> is the grated-potato bake that sits beside <em>дранікі</em> on a Belarusian table.
Маё сэрца засталося ў Полацку.
My heart stayed in Polatsk.
<em>Сэрца</em> ends in <em>-а</em> but is neuter, hence <em>маё</em> and the past tense in <em>-о</em>. Polatsk is the oldest town in the country, first mentioned in 862.
Наш сабака спіць пад таполяй.
Our dog is sleeping under the poplar.
Two gender surprises in one sentence for a Russian speaker: <em>сабака</em> is masculine in Belarusian and <em>таполя</em> is feminine, the reverse of Russian <em>собака</em> and <em>тополь</em>.
Гэта было доўгае і халоднае лета.
It was a long and cold summer.
<em>Лета</em> is neuter, so both adjectives end in <em>-ае</em> and the verb in <em>-о</em>. The neuter ending <em>-ае</em> is one of the clearest visual differences from Russian <em>-ое</em>.
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