Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns: this/that, these/those
Can point out and refer to specific objects using demonstrative pronouns
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
Ky libri është i mirë.
This book is good.
Sa kushton kjo?
How much does this cost?
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Përemrat dëftorë tregojnë afërsinë ose largësinë:
| Afër (this) | Larg (that) | |
|---|---|---|
| Mashkullor njëjës | ky | ai |
| Femëror njëjës | kjo | ajo |
| Mashkullor shumës | këta | ata |
| Femëror shumës | këto | ato |
Përdorimi: Ky/kjo vjen para emrit të nyjshëm: ky libri (this book), kjo vajza (this girl).
Kujdes: Ai/ajo janë edhe përemra vetorë (he/she) edhe dëftorë (that). Konteksti ndihmon!
Common Error Patterns
Used wrong gender demonstrative
Ky/këta = masculine, kjo/këto = feminine
Used near form for far reference or vice versa
Ky/kjo = near (this), ai/ajo = far (that)
Ky libri është i mirë.
This book is good.
Ky (this, M) + libri (the book, definite). Demonstrative + definite noun.
Sa kushton kjo?
How much does this cost?
Kjo (this, feminine) used alone as a pronoun meaning 'this thing'.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises