Grammar Reference

Albanian alphabet and key pronunciation rules

Can recognize Albanian letters and digraphs, and pronounce basic Albanian words

Cardinal numbers from 1 to 100

Can use numbers 1-100, state age, and count objects

Telling time, days of the week, months

Can tell the time, name days and months, and make simple time-related statements

Personal pronouns in nominative case

Can use personal pronouns to refer to people in simple sentences

Demonstrative pronouns: this/that, these/those

Can point out and refer to specific objects using demonstrative pronouns

Possessive pronouns: my, your, his, her, our, their

Can express possession and talk about family relationships

Conjugation of 'to be' in present tense

Can introduce oneself, describe people and things using 'to be'

Conjugation of 'to have' in present tense

Can express possession and ask/state age

Regular verb conjugation in present tense — the three conjugation classes

Can conjugate regular verbs in present tense to describe daily activities

Suffixed definite articles — Albanian's most distinctive feature

Can use definite and indefinite forms of common nouns

Masculine and feminine grammatical gender

Can identify and use masculine/feminine nouns with correct article suffixes

Forming plural nouns in Albanian

Can form and recognize plural nouns in common patterns

Introduction to nominative and accusative cases

Can use nouns as subjects and direct objects in simple sentences

Negation with nuk/s'

Can make negative statements and deny things

Forming questions — yes/no and Wh-questions

Can ask and answer basic questions about personal information, location, and prices

Basic sentence structure: SVO word order and sentence types

Can form simple affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences

Adjective agreement and the linking particle system (i/e/të/së)

Can describe people, places, and things using basic adjectives with correct agreement

Prepositions of location and direction

Can describe locations and give simple directions using prepositions