Regular perfect participles: group 1 (-et), group 2 (-t), group 3 (-dd/-d)
Can form regular perfect participles for verbs in groups 1, 2, and 3
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
Jeg har snakket med legen i dag.
I have spoken with the doctor today.
Vi har kjøpt en ny bil og lest brukermanualen.
We have bought a new car and read the user manual.
Hun har bodd i Oslo hele livet og prøvd mange restauranter.
She has lived in Oslo her whole life and tried many restaurants.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Regular Norwegian perfect participles: Group 1 = -et (snakket), Group 2 = -t (lest, kjøpt), Group 3 = -dd/-d (bodd, prøvd). No 'ge-' prefix unlike German.
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice ExercisesAdds German-style 'ge-' prefix: 'har gesnakket' instead of 'har snakket'
Norwegian perfect participles have NO ge- prefix. 'Jeg har snakket', never 'gesnakket'.
Uses wrong participle ending (e.g., 'har lestet' instead of 'har lest')
Group 1 verbs (long stem): -et. Group 2 (short stem): -t only. Group 3 (bo-type): -dd/-d. Learn verb groups.
Jeg har snakket med legen i dag.
I have spoken with the doctor today.
'Snakket' = group 1 participle. Preterite and participle are identical in group 1.
Vi har kjøpt en ny bil og lest brukermanualen.
We have bought a new car and read the user manual.
'Kjøpt' = group 2 (kjøpe → kjøpte → kjøpt). 'Lest' = group 2 (lese → leste → lest). Drop -e from preterite.
Hun har bodd i Oslo hele livet og prøvd mange restauranter.
She has lived in Oslo her whole life and tried many restaurants.
'Bodd' = group 3 (bo → bodde → bodd). 'Prøvd' = group 3 (prøve → prøvde → prøvd).
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises