代词A1

Питальні слова

Question words: 谁 (who), 什么 (what), 哪 (which), 哪里 (where), 怎么 (how)

Мета навчання

Can ask basic questions using 谁/什么/哪里/怎么 without word-order inversion

Навички для іспиту:HSK 1 ListeningHSK 1 Speaking

Подивіться на ці приклади. Чи можете ви помітити граматичну закономірність?

你要吃什么?

What do you want to eat?

你在哪里?

Where are you?

这是谁?

Who is this?

Зверніть увагу на виділені частини. Що у них спільного?

疑问代词 — Question Words

Chinese question words stay in place — no word-order inversion like English/German!

WordPinyinMeaningExample
shéiwho他是谁?Who is he?
什么shénmewhat这是什么?What is this?
which你要哪个?Which do you want?
哪里/哪儿nǎlǐ/nǎrwhere你在哪里?Where are you?
怎么zěnmehow怎么走?How to get there?

Key rule: Replace the unknown with the question word. 他是老师他是谁? (He is a teacher → Who is he?). Do NOT add 吗 to question-word questions!

The biggest mistake is inverting word order like English. Chinese keeps the same SVO order — just swap the unknown for the question word. English speakers: Tend to front question words (*什么你要 instead of 你要什么). Chinese questions keep SVO order. Russian speakers: Russian question words also stay in place often (Кто это?), so the pattern is familiar. Don't add 吗 to wh-questions. Czech speakers: Czech question words can appear anywhere; Chinese question words replace the answer's position exactly.

你要吃什么?

What do you want to eat?

你要吃什么? — 什么 replaces the object (answer position): 你要吃[pizza] → 你要吃什么?

你在哪里?

Where are you?

你在哪里? — 哪里 replaces the location: 你在[家] → 你在哪里?

这是谁?

Who is this?

这是谁? — 谁 replaces the person: 这是[我的朋友] → 这是谁? No 吗 needed!

Практикувати в курсі

Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу A1

A1 Курс
← Назад до тем