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CourseGrammarWords
  1. Home
  2. ›Grammar
  3. ›A1
  4. ›Pretérito indefinido: irregulares frecuentes
VerbosA1

Pretérito indefinido: irregulares frecuentes

Common irregular past tense forms: tuve, hice, pude, estuve

Learning Goal

Can use common irregular past tense forms to narrate past events

Exam Skills:Expresión escritaExpresión oral

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

Ayer tuve mucho trabajo.

Yesterday I had a lot of work.

¿Qué hiciste el fin de semana?

What did you do on the weekend?

No pude dormir anoche.

I couldn't sleep last night.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

Los verbos irregulares más comunes en pretérito indefinido cambian la raíz y usan terminaciones especiales (sin tildes):

InfinitivoRaíz irregularyoél/ellaellos
tenertuv-tuvetuvotuvieron
estarestuv-estuveestuvoestuvieron
hacerhic-/hiz-hicehizohicieron
poderpud-pudepudopudieron
ponerpus-pusepusopusieron
sabersup-supesuposupieron
venirvin-vinevinovinieron
decirdij-dijedijodijeron

Terminaciones irregulares (sin tilde!): -e, -iste, -o, -imos, -isteis, -ieron/-eron.

Nota: hacer → él hizo (c→z before o). Decir → ellos dijeron (not *dijieron).

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

Practice Exercises
Adding accents to irregular forms (*tuvé, *hizó → tuve, hizo — no accents on irregulars). Also regularizing stems (*tenié → tuve). 🇬🇧 English speakers: English irregular pasts (had, made, could) are just memorized. Spanish irregulars follow a pattern with the irregular stem.

Ayer tuve mucho trabajo.

Yesterday I had a lot of work.

tener → tuve (irregular stem tuv-). No accent mark (unlike regular hablé).

¿Qué hiciste el fin de semana?

What did you do on the weekend?

hacer → tú hiciste (irregular stem hic-). Él/ella form: hizo (c→z before o).

No pude dormir anoche.

I couldn't sleep last night.

poder → yo pude (irregular stem pud-). All irregular preterites share the same set of endings.

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

A1 Course
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Related grammar topics

  • Pretérito indefinido: verbos regulares
  • Verbos irregulares: tener y venir
  • Verbos irregulares: hacer, poner, salir
  • El verbo ser
  • El verbo estar
  • Ser vs estar
  • Verbos regulares -ar
  • Verbos regulares -er