राजकुमार, माता-पिता, यथासंभव — संस्कृत से आए समास
I can break a long compound into its parts and guess its meaning
Подивіться на ці приклади. Чи можете ви помітити граматичну закономірність?
The President gave a speech.
My parents live in the village.
It is necessary to become self-reliant.
Зверніть увагу на виділені частини. Що у них спільного?
| तत्पुरुष | the first part modifies the second | राजकुमार - king's son |
| द्वंद्व | two equal parts joined | माता-पिता - parents |
| कर्मधारय | adjective plus noun | महाराजा - great king |
| बहुव्रीहि | describes something outside itself | चतुर्भुज - four-armed (a name for Vishnu) |
Formal Hindi, headlines and official prose are full of these. Being able to split राष्ट्रपति into राष्ट्र plus पति, or आत्मनिर्भर into आत्म plus निर्भर, turns an unreadable word into a guessable one.
The paired type is not formal at all: माता-पिता, भाई-बहन, रोटी-कपड़ा, आना-जाना. These are ordinary conversation.
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу B2
Вправи для практикиTreating every long word as unanalysable vocabulary.
Long compounds treated as single unanalysable words
Split them: rashtra-pati, atma-nirbhar.
Assuming all compounds are formal
dvandva pairs like bhai-bahan are everyday speech.
The President gave a speech.
rashtra plus pati: head of the nation.
My parents live in the village.
A dvandva compound, as ordinary as otets-mat.
It is necessary to become self-reliant.
atma plus nirbhar, split like samo plus derzhets.
Практикувати в курсі
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу B2