तो, ना, ही, जी — बातचीत को स्वाभाविक बनाने वाले कण
I can soften, confirm and emphasise the way a native speaker does
Подивіться на ці приклади. Чи можете ви помітити граматичну закономірність?
आप आएँगे ना?
You'll come, won't you?
अरे यार, देर हो गई!
Oh no, we're late!
तो अब क्या करें?
So what do we do now?
Зверніть увагу на виділені частини. Що у них спільного?
A tag seeking agreement: आप आएँगे ना? - You'll come, won't you? It also softens a request: बता दीजिए ना.
Beyond contrast, तो fills the slot English gives to 'well' and 'so': तो अब क्या करें? - So what do we do now?
यार is an address particle between friends, roughly 'mate'. अरे opens a sentence with surprise or mild protest: अरे, आप यहाँ!
These combine freely: अरे यार, चलो ना. Getting the stack right is most of what makes speech sound unforced, and none of it can be worked out from rules.
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу B2
Вправи для практикиOmitting particles entirely, which makes correct Hindi sound like a textbook.
आप आएँगे ना?
You'll come, won't you?
na as a tag seeking agreement, like ved.
अरे यार, देर हो गई!
Oh no, we're late!
Two particles stacked, as Russian stacks nu and zhe.
तो अब क्या करें?
So what do we do now?
to filling the slot of the Russian nu.
Перевірка для цієї теми готується
Практикувати в курсі
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу B2