जी, भैया, दीदी, साहब — किसे कैसे बुलाएँ
I can address a stranger, a shopkeeper and an elder correctly
Podívejte se na tyto příklady. Dokážete rozpoznat gramatický vzorec?
Promiňte, poslyšte.
Ne, děkuji.
Jak se máte, tetičko?
Zaměřte se na zvýrazněné části. Co mají společného?
जी attaches to a name or a title and marks respect: रोहन जी, डॉक्टर जी, माता जी. On its own it means 'yes' politely, and जी हाँ / जी नहीं are the polite yes and no.
| भैया | a man roughly your age or younger; a shopkeeper, a driver |
| दीदी | a woman slightly older |
| आंटी / अंकल | anyone of your parents' generation |
| बेटा | a much younger person, affectionately |
None of these implies you are related. Using a kinship word for a stranger is the normal, warm way to speak.
There is no everyday equivalent of calling someone by surname alone. And तू is not a friendly informal; use तुम with friends and आप with everyone else.
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu A2
Procvičovací cvičeníReaching for tu as the friendly form, or addressing a stranger with no term at all.
tu used as an ordinary informal you
tum is the friendly form; tu is intimate or rude.
Addressing a stranger with no term at all
Use bhaiya, didi, aunty or uncle; going without sounds abrupt.
Promiňte, poslyšte.
The normal way to get a shopkeeper's or driver's attention.
Ne, děkuji.
ji makes the refusal polite.
Jak se máte, tetičko?
A kinship term for a stranger of the parents' generation.
Procvičit v kurzu
Použijte tuto gramatiku ve cvičeních kurzu A2