Conjunctions: और/लेकिन/या/क्योंकि/इसलिए/कि
Can connect ideas using basic Hindi conjunctions for addition, contrast, alternatives, and cause/result
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
मैं चाय और बिस्कुट चाहता हूँ।
I want tea and biscuits.
वह थक गया लेकिन काम करता रहा।
He got tired but kept working.
मैं नहीं आया क्योंकि बीमार था।
I didn't come because I was sick.
मुझे पता है कि वह आएगा।
I know that he will come.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
Hindi conjunctions connect words, phrases, or clauses.
| Hindi | Type | Meaning | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| और | coordinating | and | चाय और बिस्कुट |
| लेकिन / पर / मगर | adversative | but | छोटा लेकिन अच्छा |
| या | disjunctive | or | चाय या कॉफ़ी? |
| क्योंकि | causal | because | मैं नहीं आया क्योंकि बीमार था |
| इसलिए | resultative | therefore | बारिश हुई इसलिए गीला है |
| कि | subordinating | that | मुझे पता है कि वह आएगा |
Word order: Unlike English 'because', Hindi क्योंकि can start a sentence or join mid-sentence. इसलिए always introduces the result clause.
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises
Practice Exercisesमैं चाय और बिस्कुट चाहता हूँ।
I want tea and biscuits.
और = and. Connects two nouns.
वह थक गया लेकिन काम करता रहा।
He got tired but kept working.
लेकिन = but. Contrasts two clauses.
मैं नहीं आया क्योंकि बीमार था।
I didn't come because I was sick.
क्योंकि = because. No word order change in Hindi (unlike German weil).
मुझे पता है कि वह आएगा।
I know that he will come.
कि = that (subordinating). Introduces a content clause.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises