What are common mistakes with जो के सभी रूप?

Choosing the form of jo by its role in the main clause instead of the relative one. 🇷🇺 Russian speakers: kotoryy works on the same principle, so the case selection is free; the correlative vah is what gets dropped, since Russian usually omits tot.

जो के सभी रूप: rules, examples & exercises | Hindi Grammar B1

जो के सभी रूप

B1 — वाक्य रचना

जिसे, जिसका, जिनसे — जो का पूरा रूपांतर

I can build a relative clause where the relative word is not the subject

जिसे, जिसका, जिनसे — जो का पूरा रूपांतर

Examples

— The girl I met is a doctor.
— Those who have tickets may go in.
— the house whose door is red

वाक्य रचनाB1

jo in All Its Cases

The oblique and case forms of the relative pronoun

Learning Goal

I can build a relative clause where the relative word is not the subject

Exam Skills:बोलनालिखना

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

The girl I met is a doctor.

Those who have tickets may go in.

the house whose door is red

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

The forms

Direct	Oblique sg	Oblique pl
जो	जिस	जिन

From these come जिसे (to whom), जिसका (whose), जिससे (from whom, with which), जिनके (of whom, plural).

वह आदमी जिसे मैंने कल देखा - the man I saw yesterday
वह किताब जिसका नाम मैं भूल गया - the book whose name I forgot
वह दुकान जिससे मैंने यह ख़रीदा - the shop I bought this from

The correlative still answers

जिस लड़के को मैंने बुलाया, वह नहीं आया. The main clause still opens with वह, exactly as it did with plain जो.

Apply this grammar in B1 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Choosing the form of jo by its role in the main clause instead of the relative one.

Common Error Patterns

Form of jo chosen by the main clause

The role inside the relative clause decides, as with kotoryy.

Correlative vah omitted

Hindi keeps it where Russian would drop tot.

The girl I met is a doctor.

jisse because she is the one met with, not the subject.

Those who have tickets may go in.

jinke plural oblique, answered by ve.

the house whose door is red

jiska for possession inside the relative clause.

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in B1 course exercises

B1 Course

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Frequently asked questions

When is जो के सभी रूप used?: From these come जिसे (to whom), जिसका (whose), जिससे (from whom, with which), जिनके (of whom, plural).
How is जो के सभी रूप formed?: जिस लड़के को मैंने बुलाया, वह नहीं आया. The main clause still opens with वह, exactly as it did with plain जो.
What are common mistakes with जो के सभी रूप?: Choosing the form of jo by its role in the main clause instead of the relative one. 🇷🇺 Russian speakers: kotoryy works on the same principle, so the case selection is free; the correlative vah is what gets dropped, since Russian usually omits tot.

Sources

हिन्दी व्याकरण — काशी नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा, 1920
Kamta Prasad Guru's grammar, the standard prescriptive reference for Hindi morphology and syntax.
Outline of Hindi Grammar — Oxford University Press, 1995
R. S. McGregor's outline, the standard concise academic description of Hindi morphology.