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CourseGrammarWords
  1. Home
  2. ›Grammar
  3. ›A1
  4. ›Polite ます Form
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VerbsA1

Polite ます Form

Polite verb form ます — present/past, affirmative/negative conjugation

Learning Goal

Can conjugate verbs in ます form

Exam Skills:JLPT N5 · ReadingJLPT N5

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

毎日日本語を勉強します。

I study Japanese every day.

昨日映画を見ませんでした。

I didn't watch a movie yesterday.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

ます形 — Polite Form

The ます form is used for polite speech. It's the first verb form you learn.

AffirmativeNegative
Present/Future〜ます〜ません
Past〜ました〜ませんでした

How to make ます form from dictionary form:

GroupRuleExample
Group 1Change last う→い + ます書く→書きます, 読む→読みます
Group 2Drop る + ます食べる→食べます, 見る→見ます
Group 3する→します, 来る→来ます(きます)勉強する→勉強します

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Wrong vowel change for Group 1 (書くます× → 書きます○); Using dictionary form in polite contexts

毎日日本語を勉強します。

I study Japanese every day.

勉強する → 勉強します (Group 3: する→します)

昨日映画を見ませんでした。

I didn't watch a movie yesterday.

見る → 見ます → 見ませんでした (Group 2: past negative — る→ませんでした)

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Frequently asked questions

When do you use Polite ます Form?
The ます form is used for polite speech. It's the first verb form you learn.
What are common mistakes with Polite ます Form?
Wrong vowel change for Group 1 (書くます× → 書きます○); Using dictionary form in polite contexts

Related grammar topics

Previous topic: Verb GroupsNext topic: Te-form て形

Also in Verbs

  • Verb Groups
  • Te-form て形
  • Progressive ている
  • Want to do ~たい
  • Negative Request ないでください
  • Permission/Prohibition
  • Ability ことができる
  • Intention つもり
  • Let's ~ましょう
  • Existence いる/ある
  • Position Words
  • Wanting Things がほしい

Grammar A1·Grammar Reference