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CourseGrammarWords
  1. Home
  2. ›Grammar
  3. ›A1
  4. ›Polite ます Form
動詞A1

Polite ます Form

Polite verb form ます — present/past, affirmative/negative conjugation

Learning Goal

Can conjugate verbs in ます form

Exam Skills:JLPT N5 GrammarJLPT N5 Reading

Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?

毎日日本語を勉強します。

I study Japanese every day.

昨日映画を見ませんでした。

I didn't watch a movie yesterday.

Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?

ます形 — Polite Form

The ます form is used for polite speech. It's the first verb form you learn.

AffirmativeNegative
Present/Future〜ます〜ません
Past〜ました〜ませんでした

How to make ます form from dictionary form:

GroupRuleExample
Group 1Change last う→い + ます書く→書きます, 読む→読みます
Group 2Drop る + ます食べる→食べます, 見る→見ます
Group 3する→します, 来る→来ます(きます)勉強する→勉強します

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

Practice Exercises

Wrong vowel change for Group 1 (書くます× → 書きます○); Using dictionary form in polite contexts

毎日日本語を勉強します。

I study Japanese every day.

勉強する → 勉強します (Group 3: する→します)

昨日映画を見ませんでした。

I didn't watch a movie yesterday.

見る → 見ます → 見ませんでした (Group 2: past negative — る→ませんでした)

Practice in course

Apply this grammar in A1 course exercises

A1 Course
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Put it into practice

Try a free exercise from the course

Frequently asked questions

When is ます形 used?
The ます form is used for polite speech. It's the first verb form you learn.
What are common mistakes with ます形?
Wrong vowel change for Group 1 (書くます× → 書きます○); Using dictionary form in polite contexts

Related grammar topics

  • 動詞の種類
  • て形
  • ている
  • たい(願望)
  • ないでください
  • てもいい・てはいけない
  • ことができる
  • つもり