Reading verse grammar: inversions (Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ), genitive metaphors, ellipsis, Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ°, syntactic parallelism from folklore to rock
I can parse verse syntax and hear what each inversion and ellipsis does.
Look at these examples. Can you spot the grammar pattern?
ΠΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ, Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°, Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΊΠ»ΡΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ.
Night, street, streetlamp, drugstore, a meaningless and dim light.
Π ΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ.
In the garden burns the bonfire of the red rowan, but it can warm no one.
Pay attention to the highlighted parts. What do they have in common?
ΠΠΎΡΠ·ΠΈΡ Π³Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡ, Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΌ:
| ΠΡΠΈΡΠΌ | ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ |
|---|---|
| ΠΈΠ½Π²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ | Π·Π²Π΅Π·Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ |
| ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ° | ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ |
| ΡΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»Π° | ΠΠΎΡΡ. Π£Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. Π€ΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ. ΠΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°. |
| Π°ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ° (ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ) | ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°! ΠΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π·Π²ΡΠΊΠ΅... |
| ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π»Π»Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ | Π’ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ Π²Π΅ΡΠΊΡ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ... |
Π€ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈ: ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ (ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ΅, Π΄Π΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π°Ρ) - ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ.
Apply this grammar in C2 course exercises
Practice ExercisesInversions read as plain word order
Postposition and genitive metaphors are devices
Folk style imitated unironically
ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ΅ register: folklore/irony only
ΠΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ, Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°, Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΊΠ»ΡΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ.
Night, street, streetlamp, drugstore, a meaningless and dim light.
Blok's nominal ellipsis: zero verbs, full despair.
Π ΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Π³ΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π½ΠΎ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ΅ΡΡ.
In the garden burns the bonfire of the red rowan, but it can warm no one.
Yesenin: genitive metaphor + postposed adjective.
Practice in course
Apply this grammar in C2 course exercises