श्रीमान, महोदय, आदरणीय, श्रीमती — कब और किसे
I can open a formal letter or address an audience appropriately
Подивіться на ці приклади. Чи можете ви помітити граматичну закономірність?
Respected Sir,
Ladies and gentlemen, greetings.
The applicant requests that...
Зверніть увагу на виділені частини. Що у них спільного?
| श्रीमान / श्री | Mr, before a name |
| श्रीमती | Mrs |
| सुश्री | Ms |
| महोदय / महोदया | Sir / Madam, in a letter |
| आदरणीय | respected, before a name in a letter |
| माननीय | honourable, for office-holders |
A speech opens with देवियो और सज्जनो - ladies and gentlemen - in the vocative plural, and often उपस्थित महानुभावों for the dignitaries present.
Formal writing sometimes avoids मैं entirely, using निवेदक or the passive: निवेदन किया जाता है. Referring to oneself in the third person is a register marker, not arrogance.
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу C1
Вправи для практикиUsing maananiya for someone who holds no office.
maananiya used for a private individual
It is reserved for office-holders.
mahoday used for a woman
mahodaya is the feminine form.
Respected Sir,
The standard opening of a formal letter.
Ladies and gentlemen, greetings.
Vocative plural opening a speech.
The applicant requests that...
Third-person self-reference as a register marker.
Практикувати в курсі
Застосуйте цю граматику у вправах курсу C1