Imperativ (alle Formen)
Complete imperative forms for du, ihr, and Sie
Can give commands in all registers: du, ihr, and Sie
Hãy xem các ví dụ sau. Bạn có nhận ra quy tắc ngữ pháp không?
Komm bitte herein!
Please come in!
Nehmt eure Bücher!
Take your books! (plural)
Lesen Sie bitte den Text.
Please read the text. (formal)
Sei nicht so laut!
Don't be so loud!
Chú ý các phần được đánh dấu. Chúng có điểm gì chung?
German has three imperative forms for the three 'you' pronouns.
| du | ihr | Sie | |
|---|---|---|---|
| machen | Mach! | Macht! | Machen Sie! |
| kommen | Komm! | Kommt! | Kommen Sie! |
| nehmen | Nimm! | Nehmt! | Nehmen Sie! |
| lesen | Lies! | Lest! | Lesen Sie! |
| sein | Sei! | Seid! | Seien Sie! |
du-Form: e→i/ie changes kept: nimm, lies. But a→ä NOT kept: fahr! (not fähr!).
ihr-Form: Same as normal ihr-form without pronoun.
Sie-Form: Inverted: Kommen Sie!
Separable verbs: prefix at end: Steh auf!
- Keeping umlaut: ✗ Fähr! → ✓ Fahr!.
- Unnecessary -e: Modern: Komm! Only -d/-t/-ig stems need -e: Warte!
- Sein is irregular: ✗ Bist ruhig! → ✓ Sei ruhig!
Các lỗi thường gặp
Incorrect verb ending for the subject
Review verb conjugation tables and practice matching endings to pronouns
Forgot stem vowel change in irregular verbs
Practice stem-changing verbs (e→i, e→ie, a→ä) with flashcards
Verb placed in wrong position
Remember: V2 in main clauses, verb-final in subordinate clauses
Komm bitte herein!
Please come in!
Du-form: kommen → Komm!
Nehmt eure Bücher!
Take your books! (plural)
Ihr-form: nehmen → Nehmt!
Lesen Sie bitte den Text.
Please read the text. (formal)
Sie-form: Lesen + Sie.
Sei nicht so laut!
Don't be so loud!
Sein imperative: Sei! (irregular).
Steh bitte auf!
Please stand up!
Separable: auf at the end.
Luyện tập trong khóa học
Áp dụng ngữ pháp này vào các bài tập khóa học A2