अप्रत्यक्ष कथन

A2 — वाक्य रचना

उसने कहा कि — और हिंदी में काल नहीं बदलता

I can report what somebody said without changing their tense

उसने कहा कि — और हिंदी में काल नहीं बदलता

Examples

— Er sagte, er komme morgen.
— Ich glaube, er hat recht.
— Er fragte, wo du wohnst.

वाक्य रचनाA2

Indirekte Rede

उसने कहा कि — और हिंदी में काल नहीं बदलता

Lernziel

I can report what somebody said without changing their tense

Prüfungskompetenzen:बोलनालिखना

Schau dir diese Beispiele an. Kannst du das grammatische Muster erkennen?

Er sagte, er komme morgen.

Ich glaube, er hat recht.

Er fragte, wo du wohnst.

Achte auf die hervorgehobenen Teile. Was haben sie gemeinsam?

कि, and nothing else changes

Hindi reports speech by putting कि between the two halves and leaving the quoted words as they were:

उसने कहा कि मैं आऊँगा। - He said he would come. (literally: he said that I will come)
उसने कहा कि वह बीमार है। - She said she was ill.
माँ ने पूछा कि तुम कहाँ हो। - Mother asked where you were.

There is no backshift. The tense of the original stays. And the pronoun often stays first-person too, which looks wrong to an English speaker and is entirely correct.

Questions

A reported question keeps its question word and takes no क्या: उसने पूछा कि तुम कब आओगे।

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A2 an

Übungsaufgaben

Backshifting the tense as English requires, and dropping ki.

Häufige Fehlermuster

Shifting the tense back as English does

Hindi does not backshift, and neither does Russian. Keep the original tense.

Omitting ki in writing

ki may be dropped in speech but is normal in writing.

Er sagte, er komme morgen.

The future stays future, exactly as in Russian.

Ich glaube, er hat recht.

ki joins without changing either half.

Er fragte, wo du wohnst.

A reported question keeps its question word and takes no kya.

Im Kurs üben

Wende diese Grammatik in den Übungen des Kurses A2 an

A2 Kurs

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Quellen

हिन्दी व्याकरण — काशी नागरी प्रचारिणी सभा, 1920
Hindi (London Oriental and African Language Library 12) — John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006

कि, and nothing else changes

Hindi reports speech by putting कि between the two halves and leaving the quoted words as they were:

उसने कहा कि मैं आऊँगा। - He said he would come. (literally: he said that I will come)
उसने कहा कि वह बीमार है। - She said she was ill.
माँ ने पूछा कि तुम कहाँ हो। - Mother asked where you were.

There is no backshift. The tense of the original stays. And the pronoun often stays first-person too, which looks wrong to an English speaker and is entirely correct.

Questions

A reported question keeps its question word and takes no क्या: उसने पूछा कि तुम कब आओगे।