The conditional bych/bys/by + l-participle: polite requests (chtěl bych), wishes and kdyby clauses, including the by ses contraction
I can make polite requests and express wishes and conditions using the conditional with correctly conjugated bych forms.
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Chtěl bych dvě deci červeného, prosím.
I would like two decilitres of red wine, please.
Kdybych vyhrál ve Sportce, koupil bych chalupu na Šumavě.
If I won the Sportka lottery, I would buy a cottage in the Šumava mountains.
Nechtěl by ses v sobotu podívat na Karlštejn?
Wouldn't you like to go see Karlštejn on Saturday?
Chú ý các phần được đánh dấu. Chúng có điểm gì chung?
Kondicionál = tvar slovesa být (bych) + l-ové příčestí:
| Osoba | Jednotné číslo | Množné číslo |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | dělal/a bych | dělali/y bychom |
| 2. | dělal/a bys | dělali/y byste |
| 3. | dělal/a by | dělali/y by |
Užití: zdvořilost (Chtěl bych kávu. Mohl byste mi pomoct?), přání (Rád bych jel na hory.), podmínka s kdyby (Kdybych měl čas, přišel bych.).
Pozor na zvratná slovesa: bys + se → by ses, bys + si → by sis: Kam by ses chtěl podívat?
Áp dụng ngữ pháp này vào các bài tập khóa học A2
Bài tập thực hànhby not conjugated by person
Drill the six forms: bych, bys, by, bychom, byste, by
bys + se/si not contracted
bys+se = by ses, bys+si = by sis - always
bych placed first in the clause
bych belongs to the second-position clitic cluster
Chtěl bych dvě deci červeného, prosím.
I would like two decilitres of red wine, please.
chtěl bych: the standard polite order in Czech wine bars — dvě deci is the classic measure.
Kdybych vyhrál ve Sportce, koupil bych chalupu na Šumavě.
If I won the Sportka lottery, I would buy a cottage in the Šumava mountains.
kdyby clause + main-clause conditional: kdybych vyhrál, koupil bych.
Nechtěl by ses v sobotu podívat na Karlštejn?
Wouldn't you like to go see Karlštejn on Saturday?
by ses: the obligatory contraction of bys + se in an invitation.
Luyện tập trong khóa học
Áp dụng ngữ pháp này vào các bài tập khóa học A2